{"id":9097,"date":"2024-07-04T14:34:37","date_gmt":"2024-07-04T05:34:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/?p=9097"},"modified":"2024-07-07T22:41:02","modified_gmt":"2024-07-07T13:41:02","slug":"matplotlib-%e3%81%a7%e5%86%86%e6%9f%b1%e3%81%a8%e3%81%9d%e3%81%ae%e6%96%9c%e3%82%81%e5%88%87%e3%82%8a%e3%82%92%e6%8f%8f%e3%81%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/9097\/","title":{"rendered":"Matplotlib \u3067\u5186\u67f1\u3068\u305d\u306e\u659c\u3081\u5207\u308a\u3092\u63cf\u304f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7d2f\u6b21\u7a4d\u5206\u306e\u4f8b\u984c<\/a>\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3002\u659c\u3081\u5207\u308a\u306e\u7acb\u4f53\u306f\u5074\u9762\u3092\u3046\u307e\u304f\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304f\u3066\uff0c\u3068\u308a\u3042\u3048\u305a\u306f\uff0c\u306a\u3093\u3061\u3083\u3063\u3066\u7acb\u4f53\uff0c\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306b\u7e26\u7dda\u3067\u8868\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002
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\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e import \u3068\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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In\u00a0[1]:<\/div>\n
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import<\/span> matplotlib.pyplot<\/span> as<\/span> plt<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> numpy<\/span> as<\/span> np<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092 SVG \u3067 Notebook \u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n%<\/span>config<\/span> InlineBackend.figure_formats = ['svg']\r\n\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>rcParams<\/span>[<\/span>'mathtext.fontset'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 'cm'<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u5186\u67f1<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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In\u00a0[2]:<\/div>\n
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def<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>z<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> z<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>ones<\/span>(<\/span>Ndiv<\/span>),<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>ones<\/span>(<\/span>Ndiv<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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In\u00a0[3]:<\/div>\n
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fig<\/span> =<\/span> plt<\/span>.<\/span>figure<\/span>(<\/span>figsize<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>6.4<\/span>,<\/span> 6.4<\/span>])<\/span>\r\nax<\/span> =<\/span> fig<\/span>.<\/span>add_subplot<\/span>(<\/span>projection<\/span>=<\/span>'3d'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span>.<\/span>subplots_adjust<\/span>(<\/span>bottom<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>left<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5e95\u9762<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 180<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>),<\/span> \r\n                color<\/span>=<\/span>\"lightgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                zorder<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5074\u9762<\/span>\r\nX<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>ones<\/span>(<\/span>Ndiv<\/span>),<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nY<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>ones<\/span>(<\/span>Ndiv<\/span>),<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nz<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nZ<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>z<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>ones<\/span>(<\/span>Ndiv<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>X<\/span>,<\/span> Y<\/span>,<\/span> Z<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                color<\/span>=<\/span>\"lightgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                alpha<\/span>=<\/span>0.8<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# \u4e0a\u5e95\u9762<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>),<\/span> \r\n                color<\/span>=<\/span>\"lightgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                zorder<\/span>=<\/span>20<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_xlim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_ylim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_zlim<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>view_init<\/span>(<\/span>elev<\/span> =<\/span> 20<\/span>,<\/span> azim<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>80<\/span>,<\/span> roll<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>axis<\/span>(<\/span>False<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n# svg \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306f\u5de8\u5927\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/span>\r\n# plt.savefig(\"enchu00.svg\");<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>savefig<\/span>(<\/span>\"Enchu00.png\"<\/span>,<\/span> dpi<\/span>=<\/span>360<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\"\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u7d2f\u6b21\u7a4d\u5206\u306e\u4f8b\u984c\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u7528\u306b\u659c\u3081\u306b\u5207\u3063\u305f\u5186\u67f1<\/h3>\n
\u7d2f\u6b21\u7a4d\u5206\u306e\u4f8b\u984c<\/a><\/p>\n
$\\displaystyle \\iint_D (2 + x)\\, dx\\, dy, \\quad D: x^2 + y^2 \\leq 1$<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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In\u00a0[4]:<\/div>\n
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def<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> 2<\/span> +<\/span> x<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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In\u00a0[5]:<\/div>\n
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fig<\/span> =<\/span> plt<\/span>.<\/span>figure<\/span>(<\/span>figsize<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>6.4<\/span>,<\/span> 6.4<\/span>])<\/span>\r\nax<\/span> =<\/span> fig<\/span>.<\/span>add_subplot<\/span>(<\/span>projection<\/span>=<\/span>'3d'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span>.<\/span>subplots_adjust<\/span>(<\/span>bottom<\/span>=-<\/span>0.1<\/span>,<\/span>left<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u9818\u57df D<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>),<\/span> fc<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> ec<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.2<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0.3<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$D: \\, x^2 + y^2 \\leq 1$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'darkgreen'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# x \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span>  [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>2.2<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$x$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# y \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2.6<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$y$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# z \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>4.6<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 4.8<\/span>,<\/span> \"$z$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# z = f(x, y)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 21<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.8<\/span>,<\/span> 1.8<\/span>,<\/span> 21<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>meshgrid<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>),<\/span> \r\n                cmap<\/span> =<\/span> \"Blues_r\"<\/span>,<\/span> alpha<\/span> =<\/span> 0.9<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 3.3<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        \"$z = 2+x$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'blue'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"left\"<\/span>,<\/span>va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_xlim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_ylim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_zlim<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>view_init<\/span>(<\/span>elev<\/span> =<\/span> 20<\/span>,<\/span> azim<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>80<\/span>,<\/span> roll<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>axis<\/span>(<\/span>False<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>savefig<\/span>(<\/span>\"Enchu01.png\"<\/span>,<\/span> dpi<\/span>=<\/span>360<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\"\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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In\u00a0[6]:<\/div>\n
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fig<\/span> =<\/span> plt<\/span>.<\/span>figure<\/span>(<\/span>figsize<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>6.4<\/span>,<\/span> 6.4<\/span>])<\/span>\r\nax<\/span> =<\/span> fig<\/span>.<\/span>add_subplot<\/span>(<\/span>projection<\/span>=<\/span>'3d'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span>.<\/span>subplots_adjust<\/span>(<\/span>bottom<\/span>=-<\/span>0.1<\/span>,<\/span>left<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u9818\u57df D<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>),<\/span> fc<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> ec<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.2<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0.3<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$D: \\, x^2 + y^2 \\leq 1$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'darkgreen'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# x \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span>  [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>2.2<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$x$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# y \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2.6<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$y$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# z \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>4.6<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 4.8<\/span>,<\/span> \"$z$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5074\u9762\u3092\u7e26\u7dda\u3067\u8868\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/span>\r\nirange<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>170<\/span>,<\/span> 60<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span> i<\/span> in<\/span> irange<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    phi<\/span>=<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>radians<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    xi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    yi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    plt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span> xi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>yi<\/span>,<\/span> yi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span>yi<\/span>)],<\/span> \r\n             c<\/span>=<\/span>'lightgreen'<\/span>,<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.8<\/span>,<\/span> alpha<\/span>=<\/span>0.5<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 3.3<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$z = 2+x$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'blue'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"left\"<\/span>,<\/span>va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>1.1<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$\\iint_D (2+x)\\,dx\\,dy$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'green'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"left\"<\/span>,<\/span>va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# z = f(x, y)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 21<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.8<\/span>,<\/span> 1.8<\/span>,<\/span> 21<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>meshgrid<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>),<\/span> \r\n                cmap<\/span> =<\/span> \"Blues_r\"<\/span>,<\/span> alpha<\/span> =<\/span> 0.9<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5207\u308a\u53e3<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>),<\/span> color<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkblue\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>35<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_xlim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_ylim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_zlim<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>view_init<\/span>(<\/span>elev<\/span> =<\/span> 20<\/span>,<\/span> azim<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>80<\/span>,<\/span> roll<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>axis<\/span>(<\/span>False<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>savefig<\/span>(<\/span>\"Enchu02.png\"<\/span>,<\/span> dpi<\/span>=<\/span>360<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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fig<\/span> =<\/span> plt<\/span>.<\/span>figure<\/span>(<\/span>figsize<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>6.4<\/span>,<\/span> 6.4<\/span>])<\/span>\r\nax<\/span> =<\/span> fig<\/span>.<\/span>add_subplot<\/span>(<\/span>projection<\/span>=<\/span>'3d'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span>.<\/span>subplots_adjust<\/span>(<\/span>bottom<\/span>=-<\/span>0.1<\/span>,<\/span>left<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u9818\u57df D<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>),<\/span> fc<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> ec<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.2<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0.3<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$D: \\, x^2 + y^2 \\leq 1$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'darkgreen'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# x \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span>  [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>2.2<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$x$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# y \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2.6<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$y$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# z \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>4.6<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 4.8<\/span>,<\/span> \"$z$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5074\u9762\u3092\u7e26\u7dda\u3067\u8868\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/span>\r\nirange<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>170<\/span>,<\/span> 60<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span> i<\/span> in<\/span> irange<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    phi<\/span>=<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>radians<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    xi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    yi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    plt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span> xi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>yi<\/span>,<\/span> yi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span>yi<\/span>)],<\/span> \r\n             c<\/span>=<\/span>'lightgreen'<\/span>,<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.8<\/span>,<\/span> alpha<\/span>=<\/span>0.5<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    plt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span> xi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>yi<\/span>,<\/span> yi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span>yi<\/span>)],<\/span> \r\n             c<\/span>=<\/span>'pink'<\/span>,<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.5<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>20<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# z = f(x, y)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 21<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.8<\/span>,<\/span> 1.8<\/span>,<\/span> 21<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>meshgrid<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>),<\/span> \r\n                cmap<\/span> =<\/span> \"Blues_r\"<\/span>,<\/span> alpha<\/span> =<\/span> 0.9<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 3.3<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$z = 2+x$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'blue'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"left\"<\/span>,<\/span>va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>1.1<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$\\iint_D (2+x)\\,dx\\,dy$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'green'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"left\"<\/span>,<\/span>va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5207\u308a\u53e3<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>),<\/span> fc<\/span>=<\/span>\"blue\"<\/span>,<\/span> ec<\/span>=<\/span>\"blue\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>30<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u3075\u305f<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>),<\/span> fc<\/span>=<\/span>\"pink\"<\/span>,<\/span> ec<\/span>=<\/span>\"pink\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u6a2a\u7dda<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1.2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         c<\/span> =<\/span> 'gray'<\/span>,<\/span> ls<\/span>=<\/span>'dotted'<\/span>,<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.3<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> '$z=2$'<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        c<\/span> =<\/span> 'gray'<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>'right'<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>'center'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1.2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         c<\/span> =<\/span> 'gray'<\/span>,<\/span> ls<\/span>=<\/span>'dotted'<\/span>,<\/span>lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.3<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> '$z=4$'<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        c<\/span> =<\/span> 'gray'<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>'right'<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>'center'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_xlim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_ylim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_zlim<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>view_init<\/span>(<\/span>elev<\/span> =<\/span> 20<\/span>,<\/span> azim<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>80<\/span>,<\/span> roll<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>axis<\/span>(<\/span>False<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>savefig<\/span>(<\/span>\"Enchu03.png\"<\/span>,<\/span> dpi<\/span>=<\/span>360<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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fig<\/span> =<\/span> plt<\/span>.<\/span>figure<\/span>(<\/span>figsize<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>6.4<\/span>,<\/span> 6.4<\/span>])<\/span>\r\nax<\/span> =<\/span> fig<\/span>.<\/span>add_subplot<\/span>(<\/span>projection<\/span>=<\/span>'3d'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span>.<\/span>subplots_adjust<\/span>(<\/span>bottom<\/span>=-<\/span>0.1<\/span>,<\/span>left<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u9818\u57df D<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>),<\/span> fc<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> ec<\/span>=<\/span>\"darkgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.2<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0.3<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        \"$S = \\pi\\,r^2 = \\pi$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'darkgreen'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# x \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span>  [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>2.2<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$x$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# y \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>-<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2.6<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> \"$y$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# z \u8ef8<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>4.6<\/span>],<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> \"lightgray\"<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 4.8<\/span>,<\/span> \"$z$\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'gray'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5074\u9762\u3092\u7e26\u7dda\u3067\u8868\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/span>\r\nirange<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>170<\/span>,<\/span> 60<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span> i<\/span> in<\/span> irange<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    phi<\/span>=<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>radians<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    xi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    yi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    plt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span> xi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>yi<\/span>,<\/span> yi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span>yi<\/span>)],<\/span> \r\n             c<\/span>=<\/span>'lightgreen'<\/span>,<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.7<\/span>,<\/span> alpha<\/span>=<\/span>0.8<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    plt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span> xi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>yi<\/span>,<\/span> yi<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n             [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>xi<\/span>,<\/span>yi<\/span>)],<\/span> \r\n             c<\/span>=<\/span>'lightgreen'<\/span>,<\/span> lw<\/span> =<\/span> 0.7<\/span>,<\/span> alpha<\/span>=<\/span>0.3<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>20<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5207\u308a\u53e3<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>),<\/span> color<\/span>=<\/span>\"lightblue\"<\/span>,<\/span>  alpha<\/span>=<\/span>0.1<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>30<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u3075\u305f<\/span>\r\nNdiv<\/span> =<\/span> 60<\/span>\r\nrho<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nphi<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>linspace<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>*<\/span>np<\/span>.<\/span>pi<\/span>,<\/span> Ndiv<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nx<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>cos<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\ny<\/span> =<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>outer<\/span>(<\/span>rho<\/span>,<\/span> np<\/span>.<\/span>sin<\/span>(<\/span>phi<\/span>))<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>plot_surface<\/span>(<\/span>x<\/span>,<\/span> y<\/span>,<\/span> zconst<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>),<\/span> fc<\/span>=<\/span>\"lightgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> ec<\/span>=<\/span>\"lightgreen\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n                lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u6a2a\u7dda<\/span>\r\n#plt.plot([0, -1.2], [0, 0], [2, 2], <\/span>\r\n#         c = 'gray', ls='dotted', lw = 1, zorder=50)<\/span>\r\n#ax.text(-1.3, 0, 2, '$z=2$', <\/span>\r\n#        c = 'gray', ha='right', va='center')<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>plot<\/span>([<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1.2<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>],<\/span> [<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n         c<\/span> =<\/span> 'gray'<\/span>,<\/span> ls<\/span>=<\/span>'dotted'<\/span>,<\/span>lw<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> zorder<\/span>=<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>1.3<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> '$h=4$'<\/span>,<\/span> fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        c<\/span> =<\/span> 'darkgreen'<\/span>,<\/span> ha<\/span>=<\/span>'right'<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>'center'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>(<\/span>0.3<\/span>,<\/span> 1.5<\/span>,<\/span> 4.2<\/span>,<\/span> \r\n        r<\/span>\"$V=\\pi \\,r^2 \\times h = 4 \\pi$\"<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>=<\/span>'darkgreen'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        fontsize<\/span>=<\/span>\"x-large\"<\/span>,<\/span> va<\/span>=<\/span>\"center\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_xlim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_ylim<\/span>(<\/span>-<\/span>2.5<\/span>,<\/span> 2.5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>set_zlim<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>view_init<\/span>(<\/span>elev<\/span> =<\/span> 20<\/span>,<\/span> azim<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>80<\/span>,<\/span> roll<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nax<\/span>.<\/span>axis<\/span>(<\/span>False<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nplt<\/span>.<\/span>savefig<\/span>(<\/span>\"Enchu04.png\"<\/span>,<\/span> dpi<\/span>=<\/span>360<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\"\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-matplotlib","category-21","nodate","item-wrap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9097","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9097"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9097\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9119,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9097\/revisions\/9119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}