{"id":7831,"date":"2024-02-29T14:23:22","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T05:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/?p=7831"},"modified":"2024-03-04T15:37:40","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T06:37:40","slug":"gnuplot-%e3%81%a7%e6%a5%95%e5%86%86%e3%82%84%e5%9b%9e%e8%bb%a2%e6%a5%95%e5%86%86%e4%bd%93%e3%82%92%e6%8f%8f%e3%81%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/7831\/","title":{"rendered":"gnuplot \u3067\u6955\u5186\u3084\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u3092\u63cf\u304f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u7406\u5de5\u7cfb\u306e\u6570\u5b66 B \u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\uff0c\u6955\u5186\u306e\u5468\u9577\u3084\u9762\u7a4d\uff0c\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7a4d\u3084\u4f53\u7a4d\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e7%90%86%e5%b7%a5%e7%b3%bb%e3%81%ae%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%a6b\/%e7%a9%8d%e5%88%86%ef%bc%9a%e3%81%84%e3%81%8f%e3%81%a4%e3%81%8b%e3%81%ae%e5%bf%9c%e7%94%a8\/%e5%8f%82%e8%80%83%ef%bc%9amaxima-%e3%81%a7%e6%a5%95%e5%86%86%e3%81%ae%e9%9d%a2%e7%a9%8d%e3%83%bb%e5%91%a8%ef%bc%8c%e5%9b%9e%e8%bb%a2%e6%a5%95%e5%86%86%e4%bd%93%e3%81%ae%e8%a1%a8%e9%9d%a2%e7%a9%8d\/\">\u53c2\u8003\uff1aMaxima \u3067\u6955\u5186\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u5468\uff0c\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u4f53\u7a4d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e7%90%86%e5%b7%a5%e7%b3%bb%e3%81%ae%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%a6b\/%e7%a9%8d%e5%88%86%ef%bc%9a%e3%81%84%e3%81%8f%e3%81%a4%e3%81%8b%e3%81%ae%e5%bf%9c%e7%94%a8\/%e5%8f%82%e8%80%83%ef%bc%9asympy-%e3%81%a7%e6%a5%95%e5%86%86%e3%81%ae%e9%9d%a2%e7%a9%8d%e3%83%bb%e5%91%a8%ef%bc%8c%e5%9b%9e%e8%bb%a2%e6%a5%95%e5%86%86%e4%bd%93%e3%81%ae%e8%a1%a8%e9%9d%a2%e7%a9%8d\/\">\u53c2\u8003\uff1aSymPy \u3067\u6955\u5186\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u5468\uff0c\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u4f53\u7a4d<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"Jupyter-Notebook-\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b-size-\u8a2d\u5b9a\">Jupyter Notebook \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b <code>size<\/code> \u8a2d\u5b9a<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[1]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">%gnu<\/span><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">inline<\/span> <span class=\"n\">svg<\/span> <span class=\"n\">size<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">640<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">384<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fixed<\/span> <span class=\"n\">enhanced<\/span> <span class=\"n\">font<\/span> <span class=\"s\">',14'<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186\">\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186<\/h3>\n<p>gnuplot \u3067\u9577\u534a\u5f84 $a$, \u77ed\u534a\u5f84 $b$ \u306e\u6955\u5186\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$\\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \\frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1, \\quad \\therefore\\ \\<br \/>\ny = \\pm b \\sqrt{1 &#8211; \\frac{x^2}{a^2}} \\equiv \\pm f(x)$$<\/p>\n<p>\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\uff0c\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3067\u306e plot \u304c\u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3060\u304c\uff0c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f2\u672c\u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u306e\u3067 $y = f(x)$ \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[2]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nv\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nv\">b<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">sqrt<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"nv\">alim<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nv\">blim<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x, y \u306e\u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">blim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">blim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x, y \u306e\u76ee\u76db\u306e\u9577\u3055\u3092\u540c\u3058\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ratio<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x \u8ef8 y \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span> <span class=\"n\">front<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u76ee\u76db\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xtics<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s\">\"-a\"<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"0\"<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"a\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">ytics<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s\">\"-b\"<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"0\"<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"b\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u6955\u5186\u306e\u7aef\u304c\u30ab\u30af\u30ab\u30af\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">samples<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">500<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># set xrange \u3068\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u969b\u306f sample \u3068\u5531\u3048\u308b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># y = f(x) \u3068 y = -f(x) \u306e\u9593\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sample<\/span> \\\r\n  <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"+\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">u<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">with<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filledc<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"yellow\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n  <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span>\\\r\n  <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-7883\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/GPdaen-1.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"383\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u7121\u3057\u306e\u6955\u5186\">\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u7121\u3057\u306e\u6955\u5186<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[3]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sample<\/span>  \\\r\n  <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span>\\\r\n  <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-7884\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/GPdaen-2.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"383\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u9577\u8ef8\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b\u56de\u8ee2\u3057\u305f\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\">\u9577\u8ef8\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b\u56de\u8ee2\u3057\u305f\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53<\/h3>\n<p>$\\displaystyle y = f(x) = b \\sqrt{1-\\frac{x^2}{a^2}} $ \u3092 $x$ \u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b\u56de\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3067\u304d\u308b\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[4]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># set xrange \u3068\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u969b\u306f sample \u3068\u5531\u3048\u308b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># y=f(x) \u3068 y=0 \u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sample<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">with<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filledc<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"light-blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n            <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n            <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-7885\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/GPdaen-3.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"383\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>$y = f(x)$ \u3092 $x$ \u8ef8\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b $\\theta$ \u3060\u3051\u56de\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3068\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nx &amp;=&amp; x \\\\<br \/>\ny &amp;=&amp; f(x) \\cos\\theta \\\\<br \/>\nz &amp;=&amp; f(x) \\sin\\theta<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7559\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[5]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">%gnu<\/span><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">inline<\/span> <span class=\"n\">svg<\/span> <span class=\"n\">size<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">640<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">640<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fixed<\/span> <span class=\"n\">enhanced<\/span> <span class=\"n\">font<\/span> <span class=\"s\">',14'<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[6]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xtics<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">ytics<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">ztics<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">border<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">isosample<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">30<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">hidden3d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">palette<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">defined<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-blue\"<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"blue\"<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"cyan\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">colorbox<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">parametric<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">splot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">=-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"n\">palette<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-0<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.3<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-7886\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/GPdaen-4.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[6]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>\tdummy variable is t for curves, u\/v for surfaces\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u77ed\u8ef8\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b\u56de\u8ee2\u3057\u305f\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\">\u77ed\u8ef8\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b\u56de\u8ee2\u3057\u305f\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53<\/h3>\n<p>$\\displaystyle x = g(y) = a \\sqrt{1-\\frac{y^2}{b^2}} $ \u3092 $y$ \u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b\u56de\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3067\u304d\u308b\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[7]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">%gnu<\/span><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">inline<\/span> <span class=\"n\">svg<\/span> <span class=\"n\">size<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">640<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">384<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fixed<\/span> <span class=\"n\">enhanced<\/span> <span class=\"n\">font<\/span> <span class=\"s\">',14'<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[8]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x, y \u306e\u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">alim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">blim<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">blim<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x, y \u306e\u76ee\u76db\u306e\u9577\u3055\u3092\u540c\u3058\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ratio<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x \u8ef8 y \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span> <span class=\"n\">front<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u76ee\u76db\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xtics<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s\">\"-a\"<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"0\"<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"a\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">ytics<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s\">\"-b\"<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"0\"<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"b\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u6955\u5186\u306e\u7aef\u304c\u30ab\u30af\u30ab\u30af\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">samples<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">300<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u77ed\u8ef8\u306f plot f(x) \u3067\u306f\u5f15\u3051\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">arrow<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"n\">from<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,-<\/span><span class=\"n\">blim<\/span> <span class=\"n\">to<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">blim<\/span> <span class=\"n\">nohead<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"red\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">front<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">parametric<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># set xrange \u3068\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u969b\u306f sample \u3068\u5531\u3048\u308b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># y = f(x) \u3068 y = -f(x) \u306e\u9593\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sample<\/span> \\\r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"+\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">u<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">with<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filledc<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"light-pink\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-red\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-red\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-7887\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/GPdaen-5.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"383\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[9]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u3044\u3063\u305f\u3093\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f arrow \u306f\u3044\u3064\u307e\u3067\u3082\u3064\u304d\u307e\u3068\u3046\u306e\u3067...<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">arrow<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>$x = g(z)$ \u3092 $z$ \u8ef8\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b $\\theta$ \u3060\u3051\u56de\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3068\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nx &amp;=&amp; g(z) \\cos\\theta \\\\<br \/>\ny &amp;=&amp; g(z) \\sin\\theta \\\\<br \/>\nz &amp;=&amp; z<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7559\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[10]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">%gnu<\/span><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">inline<\/span> <span class=\"n\">svg<\/span> <span class=\"n\">size<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">640<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">640<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fixed<\/span> <span class=\"n\">enhanced<\/span> <span class=\"n\">font<\/span> <span class=\"s\">',14'<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[11]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"nf\">g<\/span>(z) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">sqrt<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xtics<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">ytics<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">ztics<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">border<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">isosample<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">40<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">hidden3d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">palette<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">defined<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-red\"<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"light-pink\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">unset<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">colorbox<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">view<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">70<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">20<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">parametric<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">splot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"o\">=-<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"nf\">g<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">g<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">z<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"n\">palette<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"nf\">g<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">z<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"dark-red\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"red\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n      <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"red\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-7888\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/GPdaen-6.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[11]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>\tdummy variable is t for curves, u\/v for surfaces\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7406\u5de5\u7cfb\u306e\u6570\u5b66 B \u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\uff0c\u6955\u5186\u306e\u5468\u9577\u3084\u9762\u7a4d\uff0c\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7a4d\u3084\u4f53\u7a4d\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3002<\/p><p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/7831\/\">\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1aMaxima \u3067\u6955\u5186\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u5468\uff0c\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u4f53\u7a4d<\/li>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1aSymPy \u3067\u6955\u5186\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u5468\uff0c\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7a4d\u30fb\u4f53\u7a4d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gnuplot","nodate","item-wrap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7831"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7890,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7831\/revisions\/7890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}