{"id":5846,"date":"2023-03-23T12:50:50","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T03:50:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/?p=5846"},"modified":"2024-02-22T11:49:45","modified_gmt":"2024-02-22T02:49:45","slug":"gnuplot-%e3%81%ab%e3%82%88%e3%82%8b%e3%82%b0%e3%83%a9%e3%83%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%88%90%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%b7%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/5846\/","title":{"rendered":"gnuplot \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\u57fa\u672c\u7de8"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>gnuplot \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3082\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>gnuplot \u306e2\u6b21\u5143\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u967d\u95a2\u6570 $y = f(x)$:\n<ul>\n<li><code>plot [xmin:xmax] f(x)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u9670\u95a2\u6570 $f(x, y) = 0$ \u3092\u76f4\u63a5 plot \u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a $x(t), y(t)$:\n<ul>\n<li><code>set parametric; plot [tmin:tmax] x(t), y(t)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\uff0c$x$ \u5ea7\u6a19 $y$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf:\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067 <code>plot \"filename\"<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u5217\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8 <code>plot X using 1:(Y[$1])<\/code> \u306a\u3069<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067 <code>plot \"filename\" w vec<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u5217\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8 <code>plot X u (X[$1]):(Y[$1]):(Vx[$1]):(Vy[$1]) w vec<\/code> \u306a\u3069<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\uff0c2\u672c\u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\">\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c$y = \\sin x$ \u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092 $\u22122\\pi \\leq x \\leq 2\\pi$ \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3066\u3099\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3066\u3099\u3042\u308b\u5186\u5468\u7387 $\\pi$ \u306f gnuplot \u3066\u3099\u306f <code>pi<\/code> \u3068\u66f8\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[1]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[2]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5847\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot01.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[3]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4f8b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x \u8ef8 y \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u7dda\u306e\u592a\u3055\uff1alw (linewidth)\uff0c\u7dda\u306e\u8272\uff1alc (linecolor)\uff0c\u51e1\u4f8b: title<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e x \u63cf\u753b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3068 x \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5225\u3005\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4f8b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># sample \u3068\u66f8\u304f\u306e\u304c\u30ad\u30e2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-10<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sample<\/span> \\\r\n     <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"red\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u6b63\u5f26\u95a2\u6570\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5848\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot02.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\">\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5<\/h3>\n<p>\u534a\u5f84 $1$ \u306e\u5186\u306e\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306f $x^2 +y^2 = 1$ \u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5186\u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$ x=\\cos t, \\quad y=\\sin t \\quad (0 \\leq t \\leq 2\\pi) $$<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[4]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[5]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">parametric<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nb\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nb\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5849\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot03.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[5]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>\tdummy variable is t for curves, u\/v for surfaces\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[6]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">parametric<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x \u8ef8 y \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u7e26\u6a2a\u6bd4\u3092 1:1 \u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">square<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nb\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nb\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5850\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot04.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[6]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>\tdummy variable is t for curves, u\/v for surfaces\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u70b9\u30fb\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\">\u70b9\u30fb\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u914d\u5217 <code>X<\/code> \u306b $x$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u306e\u5024\uff0c\u914d\u5217 <code>Y<\/code> \u306b $y$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u306e\u5024\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066\uff0c6\u500b\u306e\u70b9\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[7]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[8]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">array<\/span> <span class=\"err\">X[6]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">array<\/span> <span class=\"err\">Y[6]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">do<\/span> <span class=\"err\">for<\/span> <span class=\"err\">[<\/span><span class=\"nv\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">]{<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">X[i]<\/span> <span class=\"err\">=<\/span> <span class=\"err\">i-1<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">Y[i]<\/span> <span class=\"err\">=<\/span> <span class=\"err\">(i-1)**2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">}<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[9]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># plot X, Y \u3068\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u306f\u5225\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3002<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">X<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">using<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Y<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># plot Y using (X[$1]):2 \u3067\u3082\u53ef<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5851\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot05.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\uff0c <code>w lp (with linespoints)<\/code> \u3067\u5404\u70b9\u3092\u7dda\u3067\u3064\u306a\u3044\u3066\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">pointtype<\/span> <span class=\"err\">(pt)<\/span> <span class=\"err\">0~15<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">wit<\/span><span class=\"k\">h<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">w<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">points<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n         <span class=\"err\">lines<\/span> <span class=\"err\">(<\/span><span class=\"k\">l<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n         <span class=\"err\">linspoints<\/span> <span class=\"err\">(l<\/span><span class=\"k\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">linecolor<\/span> <span class=\"err\">(lc)<\/span> <span class=\"err\">0~8<\/span> <span class=\"err\">\u304f\u3089\u3044\uff0c\u307e\u305f\u306f<\/span> <span class=\"err\">\"red\"<\/span> <span class=\"err\">\u7b49<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[10]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Y<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">using<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">X<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">w<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lp<\/span> <span class=\"n\">pt<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">7<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">6<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5852\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot06.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f\">\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u70b9\u3092\u59cb\u70b9\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u6210\u5206\u304c $v_x = 0.5, v_y = 1$ \u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3002<code>with vector (w vec)<\/code> \u3092\u3064\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\uff0c\u59cb\u70b9\u306ex\u5ea7\u6a19\uff0cy\u5ea7\u6a19\uff0cx\u6210\u5206\uff0cy\u6210\u5206\u304c\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[11]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u59cb\u70b9\u306ex\u5ea7\u6a19\uff0cy\u5ea7\u6a19\uff0cx\u6210\u5206\uff0cy\u6210\u5206<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">print<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"v.txt\"<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"k\">print<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">output<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[12]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x \u8ef8 y \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u7e26\u6a2a\u6bd4\u3092 1:1 \u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">square<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-2<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-2<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"v.txt\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">w<\/span> <span class=\"n\">vec<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5869\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplotv01.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>special file-name <code>\"+\"<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\uff0c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u3089\u305a\u306b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u5834\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u77e2\u304c\u3057\u3087\u307c\u3044\u306e\u3067\uff0c<code>filled head<\/code> \u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[13]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-2<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-2<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"+\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">using<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">w<\/span> <span class=\"n\">vec<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filled<\/span> <span class=\"n\">head<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5870\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplotv02.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3084\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u5834\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3002\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305a\u306f\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u59cb\u70b9\u3068\u6210\u5206\u304c\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u3064\u304f\u308a\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[14]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"nf\">x<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">y<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">vx<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">vy<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u901f\u5ea6\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u59cb\u70b9\u3068\u6210\u5206\u304c\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">print<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"vec.txt\"<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">do<\/span> <span class=\"err\">for<\/span> <span class=\"err\">[<\/span><span class=\"nv\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]{<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nv\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">i<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"k\">print<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">vx<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">vy<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">}<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">print<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[15]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">!cat<\/span> <span class=\"err\">vec.txt<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[15]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5\r\n1.0 0.75 0.5 0.25\r\n2.0 1.0 0.5 0.0\r\n3.0 0.75 0.5 -0.25\r\n4.0 0.0 0.5 -0.5\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[16]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-0<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">4.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-0<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ratio<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"vec.txt\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">w<\/span> <span class=\"n\">vec<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filled<\/span> <span class=\"n\">head<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5871\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplotv03.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[17]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"nf\">x<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">y<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">vx<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">vy<\/span>(t) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u901f\u5ea6\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u59cb\u70b9\u3068\u6210\u5206\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">array<\/span> <span class=\"err\">X[5]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">array<\/span> <span class=\"err\">Y[5]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">array<\/span> <span class=\"err\">Vx[5]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">array<\/span> <span class=\"err\">Vy[5]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">do<\/span> <span class=\"err\">for<\/span> <span class=\"err\">[<\/span><span class=\"nv\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]{<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"nv\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">i<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">X[i]<\/span> <span class=\"err\">=<\/span> <span class=\"err\">x(t)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">Y[i]<\/span> <span class=\"err\">=<\/span> <span class=\"err\">y(t)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">Vx[i]<\/span> <span class=\"err\">=<\/span> <span class=\"err\">vx(t)<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">Vy[i]<\/span> <span class=\"err\">=<\/span> <span class=\"err\">vy(t)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">}<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[18]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u914d\u5217\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">print<\/span> <span class=\"n\">X<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Y<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vx<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vy<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[18]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>[0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0]\r\n[0.0,0.75,1.0,0.75,0.0]\r\n[0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5]\r\n[0.5,0.25,0.0,-0.25,-0.5]\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[19]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-0<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">4.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-0<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ratio<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"n\">X<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">using<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">X<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Y<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Vx<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Vy<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"err\">$<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span> \\\r\n     <span class=\"nb\">w<\/span> <span class=\"n\">vec<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filled<\/span> <span class=\"n\">head<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5872\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplotv04.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u5834\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u307e\u3067\u306b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/vec-fig04.svg\" alt=\"iwaki\" width=\"75%\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/3595\/\">gnuplot \u3067\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u5834\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u30fb\u78c1\u5834\uff09\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\">\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>gnuplot \u3066\u3099\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$y = x^2 &#8211; 1$ \u3068 $y = 4 x &#8211; 5$ \u306e 2 \u3064\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$x$ \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306f $-5 \\leq x \\leq 5$ \u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[20]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[21]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-5<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5853\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot07.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u30aa\u30d5\u309a\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002\u7dda\u306e\u592a\u3055\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306f<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">linewidt<\/span><span class=\"k\">h<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"err\">\u6570\u5024<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[22]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># x \u8ef8 y \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># \u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># x \u8ef8\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u306f 1 \u3054\u3068\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xtics<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># y \u8ef8\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u306f 1 \u3054\u3068\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">ytics<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c\"># y \u306e\u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092 [-2:6] \u306b\u3002<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c\"># 1\u884c\u304c\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f \\ \u3067\u6539\u884c<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-5<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-2<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"x^2 - 1\"<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n                  <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"4 x - 5\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5854\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot08.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\">\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3080<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>Maxima \u3066\u3099\u306f\uff0c\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3057\u3099\u3081\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3066\u3099\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[23]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[24]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">print<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"data.txt\"<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">do<\/span> <span class=\"err\">for<\/span> <span class=\"err\">[<\/span><span class=\"nv\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]{<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">print<\/span> <span class=\"n\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">}<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">print<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[25]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb data.txt \u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">!<\/span> <span class=\"err\">cat<\/span> <span class=\"err\">data.txt<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[25]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>0 0\r\n1 1\r\n2 4\r\n3 9\r\n4 16\r\n5 25\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[26]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u8868\u793a\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">key<\/span> <span class=\"n\">left<\/span> <span class=\"n\">top<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">28<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"data.txt\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">pt<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">7<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"red\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5855\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot09.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\">\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u524d\u7bc0\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb <code>data.txt<\/code> \u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda $y = x^2$ \u306e 2 \u3064\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[27]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">28<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"data.txt\"<\/span> <span class=\"n\">pt<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">7<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"red\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\"<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n     <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda y=x^2\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5856\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot10.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\">\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u539f\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\">\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u539f\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u592a\u967d\u304b\u3089\u306e\u4e07\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u904b\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u60d1\u661f\u306f\uff0c\u592a\u967d\uff08\u4e8c\u4f53\u554f\u984c\u3066\u3099\u306f\u8cea\u91cf\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u3092\u7126\u70b9\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u904b\u52d5\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u7126\u70b9\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3092\u539f\u70b9\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u9577\u534a\u5f84 $a$\uff0c\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387 $e$ \u306e\u6955\u5186\u306e\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306f\uff0c\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19 $r$\uff0c$\\varphi$ \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$ r= \\frac{a (1\u2212e^2)}{ 1 + e\\cos\\varphi}$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3055\u3066\uff0c\u304b\u3064\u3066\u306f\u7b2c9\u60d1\u661f\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u3067\u306f\u6e96\u60d1\u661f\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u3082\u6955\u5186\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u9577\u534a\u5f84 $\ud835\udc4e_P=39.445 \\mbox{au}$\uff0c\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387 $\ud835\udc52_P=0.250$<br \/>\n\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F\">\u51a5\u738b\u661f &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\uff0c\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a\u306e\u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[28]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"nf\">r<\/span>(a, e, phi) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">x<\/span>(a, e, phi) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nf\">y<\/span>(a, e, phi) <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\">\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8<\/h4>\n<p>\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u9577\u534a\u5f84\u3068\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066\uff0c\u307e\u305a\u306f\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[29]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[30]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"nv\">aP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">39.445<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nv\">eP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.250<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[31]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-50<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">50<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-50<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">50<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">square<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">parametric<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u51a5\u738b\u661f\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5857\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot11.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[31]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>\tdummy variable is t for curves, u\/v for surfaces\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u3068\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5185\u5074\u3092\u307e\u308f\u308b\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u9577\u534a\u5f84\u306f $a_N=30.181 \\mbox{au}$\uff0c\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387\u306f $e_N=0.0097$ \u3068\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u306e\u3067\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b $e_N=0$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F\">\u6d77\u738b\u661f &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b9f\u969b\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u5929\u4f53\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u306f\u540c\u3058\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u307f\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff0c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[32]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"nv\">aN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">30.181<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nv\">eN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[33]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">replot<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aN<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eN<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aN<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eN<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u6d77\u738b\u661f\"<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">output<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"gplot12.svg\"<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">replot<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">output<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5858\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot12.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\">\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8<\/h4>\n<p>\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff0c<code>set polar<\/code> \u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u89e3\u9664\u306f <code>unset polar<\/code> \u3067\u3059\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[34]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-50<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">50<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-50<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">50<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">size<\/span> <span class=\"n\">square<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">polar<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u51a5\u738b\u661f\"<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n                  <span class=\"nf\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aN<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eN<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u6d77\u738b\u661f\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5859\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot13.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[34]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>\tdummy variable is t for curves\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\">\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u5f18\u524d\u5e02\u306e\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u914d\u5217 <code>HiroT<\/code> \u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.data.jma.go.jp\/obd\/stats\/etrn\/view\/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=31&amp;block_no=0166&amp;year=&amp;month=&amp;day=&amp;view=\">\u5f18\u524d\u3000\u5e73\u5e74\u5024\uff08\u5e74\u30fb\u6708\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5024\uff09\u3000\u4e3b\u306a\u8981\u7d20<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[35]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"err\">array<\/span> <span class=\"err\">HiroT[12]<\/span> <span class=\"err\">=<\/span> <span class=\"err\">[-1.5,-1.0,2.3,8.6,14.3,18.3,\\<\/span>\r\n                   <span class=\"err\">22.3,23.5,19.4,12.9,6.5,0.8]<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[36]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">print<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"hiro.txt\"<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">do<\/span> <span class=\"err\">for<\/span> <span class=\"err\">[<\/span><span class=\"nv\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">12<\/span><span class=\"p\">]{<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">print<\/span> <span class=\"n\">i<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">HiroT<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">i<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n  <span class=\"err\">}<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">print<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[37]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"c\"># \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"err\">!<\/span> <span class=\"err\">cat<\/span> <span class=\"err\">hiro.txt<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[37]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>1 -1.5\r\n2 -1.0\r\n3 2.3\r\n4 8.6\r\n5 14.3\r\n6 18.3\r\n7 22.3\r\n8 23.5\r\n9 19.4\r\n10 12.9\r\n11 6.5\r\n12 0.8\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[38]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[39]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">pointsize<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.6<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">grid<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">xtics<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">12<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"hiro.txt\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">using<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"n\">pt<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">7<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">'\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29'<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5860\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot14.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u307f\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u57fa\u672c\u306f 12\u30f6\u6708\u5468\u671f\u306e\u6b63\u5f26\u95a2\u6570\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4f59\u5f26\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u307f\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$f(x) = a + b \\sin\\left(\\frac{2\\pi x}{12}\\right)<br \/>\n+ c \\cos\\left(\\frac{2\\pi x}{12}\\right)$$<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[40]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">fit<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"hiro.txt\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">using<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">via<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[40]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>iter      chisq       delta\/lim  lambda   a             b             c            \r\n   0 2.2382958688e+03   0.00e+00  8.16e-01    1.000000e+00   1.000000e+00   1.000000e+00\r\n   1 1.9206962103e+01  -1.16e+07  8.16e-02    1.003158e+01  -7.406230e+00  -8.144960e+00\r\n   2 4.7566283262e+00  -3.04e+05  8.16e-03    1.053305e+01  -8.339219e+00  -9.159939e+00\r\n   3 4.7566133159e+00  -3.16e-01  8.16e-04    1.053333e+01  -8.340255e+00  -9.161067e+00\r\niter      chisq       delta\/lim  lambda   a             b             c            \r\n\r\nAfter 3 iterations the fit converged.\r\nfinal sum of squares of residuals : 4.75661\r\nrel. change during last iteration : -3.15567e-06\r\n\r\ndegrees of freedom    (FIT_NDF)                        : 9\r\nrms of residuals      (FIT_STDFIT) = sqrt(WSSR\/ndf)    : 0.726989\r\nvariance of residuals (reduced chisquare) = WSSR\/ndf   : 0.528513\r\n\r\nFinal set of parameters            Asymptotic Standard Error\r\n=======================            ==========================\r\na               = 10.5333          +\/- 0.2099       (1.992%)\r\nb               = -8.34026         +\/- 0.2968       (3.559%)\r\nc               = -9.16107         +\/- 0.2968       (3.24%)\r\n\r\ncorrelation matrix of the fit parameters:\r\n                a      b      c      \r\na               1.000 \r\nb              -0.000  1.000 \r\nc               0.000  0.000  1.000 \r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[41]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">print<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[41]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>10.5333333317856 -8.34025525998032 -9.16106711406752\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e57\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c42\u3081\u305f $a, b, c$ \u306e\u5024\u3092\u3082\u3063\u305f $f(x)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[42]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">key<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sample<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">replot<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"\u95a2\u6570\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5861\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplot15.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u9818\u57df\u306e\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\">\u9818\u57df\u306e\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057<\/h3>\n<p>$y = f(x)$, $y = g(x)$, $x_1 \\leq x \\leq x_2$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u4f8b\u3002\u66f8\u5f0f\u306f&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">x1<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"n\">x2<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">with<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">filledcurves<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nb\">w<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filledc<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"nf\">g<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">fillcolor<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">fc<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">...<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[43]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-gnuplot\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.4<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"nf\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">reset<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">set<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">zeroaxis<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"k\">plot<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">2.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">-0<\/span><span class=\"mf\">.2<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sample<\/span> \\\r\n     <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">w<\/span> <span class=\"n\">filledc<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"yellow\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">notitle<\/span><span class=\"o\">,<\/span> \\\r\n     <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.25<\/span><span class=\"o\">:<\/span><span class=\"mf\">2.25<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lc<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"blue\"<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">title<\/span> <span class=\"s\">\"f(x)\"<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-5873\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/gplotnuri01.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>gnuplot \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3082\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>gnuplot \u306e2\u6b21\u5143\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u967d\u95a2\u6570 $y = f(x)$:\n<ul>\n<li>plot [xmin:xmax] f(x)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u9670\u95a2\u6570 $f(x, y) = 0$ \u3092\u76f4\u63a5 plot \u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a $x(t), y(t)$:\n<ul>\n<li>set parametric; plot [tmin:tmax] x(t), y(t)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\uff0c$x$ \u5ea7\u6a19 $y$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf:\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067 plot &#8220;filename&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u5217\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8 plot X using 1:(Y[$1]) \u306a\u3069<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067 plot &#8220;filename&#8221; w vec<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u5217\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8 plot X u (X[$1]):(Y[$1]):(Vx[$1]):(Vy[$1]) w vec \u306a\u3069<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\uff0c2\u672c\u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/5846\/\">\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gnuplot","nodate","item-wrap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5846"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5846\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7714,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5846\/revisions\/7714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}