{"id":9756,"date":"2024-11-25T15:30:43","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T06:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/?page_id=9756"},"modified":"2025-01-21T17:48:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T08:48:26","slug":"matplotlib-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b0%e3%83%a9%e3%83%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%88%90%ef%bc%9aax-%e7%b7%a8","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/python-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b0%e3%83%a9%e3%83%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%88%90\/matplotlib-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b0%e3%83%a9%e3%83%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%88%90%ef%bc%9aax-%e7%b7%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Matplotlib \u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\uff1aax \u7de8"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>Python \u306e Matplotlib \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\u306b\u306f\uff0c<code>plt.***<\/code> \u3068\u3044\u3046\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f <span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\"><strong>plt (pyplot) \u6d41<\/strong><\/span>\uff08pyplot \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3082\uff09\u3068\uff0c<code>ax.***<\/code> \u3068\u3044\u3046\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f <span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\"><strong>ax \u6d41<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u6307\u5411\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3082\uff09\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\uff0c<span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\"><strong>ax \u6d41\u3067<\/strong><\/span> <code>ax.***<\/code> \u306e\u307f\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\"><strong>plt (pyplot) \u6d41<\/strong><\/span>\u3067 <code>plt.***<\/code> \u306e\u307f\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/python-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/matplotlib-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b0%e3%83%a9%e3%83%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%88%90\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Matplotlib \u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\uff1aplt \u7de8<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u306e-import-\u3068\u521d\u671f\u8a2d\u5b9a\">\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u306e import \u3068\u521d\u671f\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/h3>\n<p>\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3092 import \u3057\uff0c\u9069\u5b9c\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u521d\u671f\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[1]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"kn\">import<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">numpy<\/span> <span class=\"k\">as<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">np<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"kn\">import<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">matplotlib.pyplot<\/span> <span class=\"k\">as<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">plt<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"kn\">from<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">matplotlib.ticker<\/span> <span class=\"kn\">import<\/span> <span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092 SVG \u3067 Notebook \u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u8868\u793a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"o\">%<\/span><span class=\"k\">config<\/span> InlineBackend.figure_formats = ['svg']\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># mathtext font \u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">rcParams<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'mathtext.fontset'<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'cm'<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306e figsize \u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5909\u66f4\u306f\uff0c<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e00\u5ea6\u4f55\u304b\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u304b\u3089\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3088\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3060\u3002<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">rcParams<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'figure.figsize'<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">4.8<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"ax.plot()-\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\"><code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5f62<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u4fbf\u5b9c\u4e0a\uff0c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5<\/li>\n<li>\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5<\/li>\n<li>\u70b9\u30fb\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u306a\u3069\u3068\u5206\u985e\u3057\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0cMatplotlib \u306e <code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u969b\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u306f\uff0c\uff08<code>ax.contour()<\/code> \u3067\u9670\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u5834\u5408\u3092\u9664\u3051\u3070\uff09\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u300c\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u300d\u306e\u307f\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u6700\u521d\u306b<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">fig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u3068\u3057\u3066 <code>ax<\/code> \u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70b9 <code>(x0, y0)<\/code>, <code>(x1, y1)<\/code>, &#8230; <code>(xn, yn)<\/code> \u3092\u7d50\u3093\u3067\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u306b\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$x$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u3060\u3051\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8 <code>[x0, x1, ..., xn]<\/code>\uff0c<\/li>\n<li>$y$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u3060\u3051\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8 <code>[y0, y1, ..., yn]<\/code> \u3092\u3064\u304f\u308a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"n\">x0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">...<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">xn<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">y0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">...<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">yn<\/span><span class=\"p\">]);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u967d\u95a2\u6570 $y = f(x)$ \u3084\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a $x(t), y(t)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u5834\u5408\u3082\uff0c\u63cf\u753b\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e $x$ \u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3084 $t$ \u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u7b49\u9593\u9694\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u6cd5\">\u7b49\u9593\u9694\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u63cf\u753b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u7d30\u304b\u304f\u5206\u3051\u308c\u3070\uff0c\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u66f2\u7dda\u306b\u898b\u3048\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff0c\u5ea7\u6a19\u5024\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3092 <code>[0, 0.1, 0.2, ...]<\/code> \u306a\u3069\u3068\u624b\u3067\u4e00\u3064\u4e00\u3064\u5165\u529b\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u5927\u5909\u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7b49\u9593\u9694\u306e\u6570\u5024\u914d\u5217\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"np.arange()-\u306f\u9593\u9694\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\"><code>np.arange()<\/code> \u306f\u9593\u9694\u3092\u6307\u5b9a<\/h4>\n<p><code>start<\/code> \u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c<code>stop<\/code> \u672a\u6e80\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u9593\u9694 <code>step<\/code> \u306e\u6570\u5024\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">start<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">stop<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">step<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><code>start<\/code> \u306e\u7701\u7565\u5024\u306f <code>0<\/code>\uff0c<code>step<\/code> \u306e\u7701\u7565\u5024\u306f <code>1<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[2]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># 0\u4ee5\u4e0a5\u672a\u6e80\uff0c\u9593\u96941\u3054\u3068\u306e\u6570\u5024\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nb\">print<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nb\">print<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># start \u3068 step \u3092\u7701\u7565\u3059\u308b\u3068...<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nb\">print<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_subarea output_stream output_stdout output_text\">\n<pre>[0 1 2 3 4]\r\n[ 0  1  4  9 16]\r\n[0 1 2 3 4]\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"np.linspace()-\u306f\u8981\u7d20\u6570\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\"><code>np.linspace()<\/code> \u306f\u8981\u7d20\u6570\u3092\u6307\u5b9a<\/h4>\n<p><code>start<\/code> \u304b\u3089 <code>stop<\/code> \u307e\u3067\u3092 <code>num-1<\/code> \u7b49\u5206\u3057\uff0c\u7aef\u70b9\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u5408\u8a08 <code>num<\/code> \u500b\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">start<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">stop<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">num<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><code>num<\/code> \u306e\u7701\u7565\u5024\u306f <code>50<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[3]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># 0\u304b\u30892\u307e\u3067\u30924\u7b49\u5206\u3057\uff0c\u7aef\u70b9\u3092\u542b\u3081\u30665\u500b\u306e\u6570\u5024\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nb\">print<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># NumPy \u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3046<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"nb\">print<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_subarea output_stream output_stdout output_text\">\n<pre>[0.  0.5 1.  1.5 2. ]\r\n[0.         0.47942554 0.84147098 0.99749499 0.90929743]\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5-ax.plot()\">\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5 <code>ax.plot()<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>$x$ \u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570 $y = f(x)$ \u3092 $x_{\\rm min} \\leq x \\leq x_{\\rm max}$ \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f <code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">fig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x_min<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x_start<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"c1\"># numpy \u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c$y = \\sin x$ \u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092 $-2\\pi \\leq x \\leq 2\\pi$ \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3066\u3099\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5168\u3066\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u306f\uff0cNumPy \u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f $\\sin x = $ <code>np.sin(x)<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3066\u3099\u3042\u308b\u5186\u5468\u7387 $\\pi$ \u306f NumPy \u306e <code>np.pi<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[4]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">fig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9757\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-01.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[5]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">rcParams<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'figure.figsize'<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[5]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>[6.0, 4.0]<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[6]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># \u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306e figsize \u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5909\u66f4\u306f\uff0c<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e00\u5ea6\u4f55\u304b\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u304b\u3089\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3088\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3060\u3002<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">rcParams<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'figure.figsize'<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">4.8<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306e <code>num = 50<\/code> \u3067\u306f\u5c11\u3057\u30ae\u30af\u30b7\u30e3\u30af\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002$x$ \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5c11\u3057\u7d30\u304b\u304f\u5206\u5272\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u66f2\u7dda\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[7]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9758 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-02.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4f8b\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<p>\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f <code>ax.<\/code> \u3067\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb <code>ax.set_title()<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8ef8\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb <code>ax.set_xlabel()<\/code> <code>ax.set_ylabel()<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2 <code>ax.set_xlim(xmin,xmax)<\/code> <code>ax.set_ylim(ymin,ymax)<\/code><br \/>\n\u4e00\u6319\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f <code>ax.axis([xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax])<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7e26\u6a2a\u6bd4\u3000 <code>ax.set_aspect()<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u8868\u793a\u30fb\u8a2d\u5b9a <code>ax.grid()<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u51e1\u4f8b\u8868\u793a <code>ax.legend()<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3054\u3068\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4f8b\">\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3054\u3068\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<p>\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3054\u3068\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f <code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u5185\u306b&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u51e1\u4f8b\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb <code>label = ' '<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7dda\u306e\u592a\u3055 <code>lw (linewidth) =<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7dda\u306e\u8272\u3000 <code>c (color) =<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7dda\u7a2e\u3000\u3000 <code>ls (linestyle) = ':'<\/code>, <code>'--'<\/code> \u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[8]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6b63\u5f26\u95a2\u6570'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'red'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">':'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_title<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9759 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-03.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u521d\u7b49\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\">\u521d\u7b49\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5<\/h3>\n<p>\u967d\u95a2\u6570 $y = f(x)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u63cf\u304d\u65b9\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\uff0c\uff08\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570\u304a\u3088\u3073\u9006\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09\u521d\u7b49\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u3079\u304d\u95a2\u6570\">\u3079\u304d\u95a2\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\uff0c$y = x^{-1}$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[9]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u66f2\u7dda\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f num = 200 \u7a0b\u5ea6\u306f\u5fc5\u8981<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9760 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-04.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>$y=x^{-1}$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e $x\uff1d0$ \u4ed8\u8fd1\uff0c$y \\rightarrow -\\infty$ \u3068 $y \\rightarrow +\\infty$ \u3092\u7e26\u306e\u76f4\u7dda\u3067\u3064\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3052\u306a\u3044\u5bfe\u7b56\">\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3052\u306a\u3044\u5bfe\u7b56 <code>np.nan<\/code><\/h5>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\uff0c<code>y<\/code> \u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u5024\u304c\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u306f <code>abs(y) &gt; 20<\/code>\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u70b9\u306f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u63cf\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u300c\u6b20\u640d\u5024\u300d<code>np.nan<\/code> \u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[10]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u66f2\u7dda\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f num = 200 \u7a0b\u5ea6\u306f\u5fc5\u8981<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"nb\">abs<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">20<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">nan<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9761 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-05.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>$y = x^{-2}, \\ x^{-1}, \\ x^2, \\ x^3$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f8b\u3002$y = x^{-1}$ \u306e\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3052\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[11]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u66f2\u7dda\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f num = 200 \u7a0b\u5ea6\u306f\u5fc5\u8981<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x^{-2}$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"nb\">abs<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">20<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">nan<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x^{-1}$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x^2$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x^3$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9762 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-06.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>$\\displaystyle y = \\sqrt{x}, \\ \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{x}}$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f8b\u3002<br \/>\nNumPy \u306e\u95a2\u6570 $\\sqrt{x} = $ <code>np.sqrt(x)<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[12]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x = 0 \u306f\u9664\u304f\u3002<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.001<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sqrt<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\sqrt<\/span><span class=\"si\">{x}<\/span><span class=\"s1\">$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sqrt<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$1\/\\sqrt<\/span><span class=\"si\">{x}<\/span><span class=\"s1\">$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9763 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-07.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u6307\u6570\u95a2\u6570\">\u6307\u6570\u95a2\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>$y = e^{-x}, \\ e^x$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[13]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x = 0 \u306f\u9664\u304f\u3002<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">exp<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$e^{-x}$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">exp<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$e^<\/span><span class=\"si\">{x}<\/span><span class=\"s1\">$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">30<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9764 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-08.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u5bfe\u6570\u95a2\u6570\">\u5bfe\u6570\u95a2\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>$y = \\log x$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[14]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x = 0 \u306f\u9664\u304f\u3002<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.0001<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">log<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\log x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9765 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-09.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570\">\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>$ y = \\sin x, \\ \\cos x, \\ \\tan x $ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"$\\tan-x$-\u306e\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3052\u306a\u3044\u5bfe\u7b56\">$\\tan x$ \u306e\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3052\u306a\u3044\u5bfe\u7b56 <code>np.nan<\/code><\/h5>\n<p><code>y[abs(y) &gt; 10] = np.nan<\/code> \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 $y = \\tan x$ \u306e\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[15]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\sin x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\cos x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tan<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"nb\">abs<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">nan<\/span> <span class=\"c1\"># tan(x) \u306e\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u306e\u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\tan x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9766 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-10.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u30fb\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\">\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u30fb\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba<\/h5>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db\u3092 $\\pi$ \u3054\u3068\uff0c\u6a2a\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u3092 $\\frac{\\pi}{2}$ \u3054\u3068\uff0c\u7e26\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u3092 $1$ \u3054\u3068\u306b\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[16]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\sin x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\cos x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tan<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"nb\">abs<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">nan<\/span> <span class=\"c1\"># tan(x) \u306e\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u306e\u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\tan x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xticks<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>  <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>     <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> \r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$-2\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$-\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$0$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$2\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e3b\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'lightgray'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">which<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'both'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9767 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-11.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"\u53c2\u8003\uff1a$x$-\u8ef8\u30fb$y$-\u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a-ax.axhline(0)-ax.axvline(0)\">\u53c2\u8003\uff1a$x$ \u8ef8\u30fb$y$ \u8ef8\u306e\u8868\u793a <code>ax.axhline(0)<\/code> <code>ax.axvline(0)<\/code><\/h5>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\uff0cPython \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\u754c\u9688\u3067\u306f\uff0c$x$ \u8ef8\uff08$y = 0$\uff09\u3084 $y$ \u8ef8\uff08$x = 0$\uff09\u3092\uff08\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u3068\u306f\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\uff09\u8868\u793a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u7fd2\u6163\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$x$ \u8ef8\uff08$y = 0$\uff09\u306e\u8868\u793a <code>ax.axhline(0)<\/code><\/li>\n<li>$y$ \u8ef8\uff08$x = 0$\uff09\u306e\u8868\u793a <code>ax.axvline(0)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[17]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\sin x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\cos x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tan<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"nb\">abs<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">nan<\/span> <span class=\"c1\"># tan(x) \u306e\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u70b9\u306e\u51e6\u7406<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\tan x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xticks<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>  <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>     <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>   <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> \r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$-2\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$-\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$0$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$2\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e3b\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'lightgray'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">which<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'both'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8\u306f dashed \u306b\u3002k \u306f black<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9768 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-12.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u9006\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570\">\u9006\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>$y = \\sin^{-1} x = \\arcsin x =$ <code>np.arcsin(x)<\/code>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u7fa9\u57df\u306f $\\displaystyle-1 \\leq x \\leq 1$<\/li>\n<li>\u5024\u57df\u306f $\\displaystyle -\\frac{\\pi}{2} \\leq y \\leq \\frac{\\pi}{2}$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>$y = \\cos^{-1} x = \\arccos x =$ <code>np.arccos(x)<\/code>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u7fa9\u57df\u306f $\\displaystyle-1 \\leq x \\leq 1$<\/li>\n<li>\u5024\u57df\u306f $\\displaystyle0 \\leq y \\leq \\pi$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>$y = \\tan^{-1} x = \\arctan x =$ <code>np.arctan(x)<\/code>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u7fa9\u57df\u306f $\\displaystyle-\\infty &lt; x &lt; \\infty$<\/li>\n<li>\u5024\u57df\u306f $\\displaystyle-\\frac{\\pi}{2} \\leq y \\leq \\frac{\\pi}{2}$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[18]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arcsin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\arcsin x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arccos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\arccos x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">xt<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xt<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arctan<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xt<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\arctan x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">7<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">7<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_yticks<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>  <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>     <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>   <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> \r\n    <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$-\\pi\/2$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$0$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$\\pi\/2$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$\\pi$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db\u3092 2 \u3054\u3068\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u3092 1 \u3054\u3068\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u3092 \u03c0\/4 \u3054\u3068\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e3b\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'lightgray'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">which<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'both'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8\u306f dashed \u306b\u3002k \u306f black<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9769 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-13.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570\">\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>$y = \\sinh x =$ <code>np.sinh(x)<\/code><\/li>\n<li>$y = \\cosh x =$ <code>np.cosh(x)<\/code><\/li>\n<li>$y = \\tanh x =$ <code>np.tanh(x)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[19]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sinh<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\sinh x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cosh<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\cosh x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tanh<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\tanh x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e3b\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'lightgray'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">which<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'both'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8\u306f dashed \u306b\u3002k \u306f black<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9770 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-14.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u9006\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570\">\u9006\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>$ y = \\sinh^{-1} x = \\mbox{arsinh}\\ x = $ <code>np.arcsinh(x)<\/code> \u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u57df\u306f $ -\\infty &lt; x &lt; \\infty$<\/li>\n<li>$ y = \\cosh^{-1} x = \\mbox{arcosh}\\ x = $ <code>np.arccosh(x)<\/code> \u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u57df\u306f $ 1 \\leq x &lt; \\infty$<\/li>\n<li>$ y = \\tanh^{-1} x = \\mbox{artanh}\\ x = $ <code>np.arctanh(x)<\/code> \u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u57df\u306f $ -1 &lt; x &lt; 1$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uff08Mathematica \u3084\uff09NumPy \u306e\u9006\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u8868\u8a18\u306f\u78ba\u4fe1\u72af\u306a\u306e\u304b\u306a\u3041\u3002\u9006\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u8868\u8a18\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/3145\/\">\u9006\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u9006\u53cc\u66f2\u7dda\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u65b9\u8aad\u307f\u65b9<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[20]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arcsinh<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\sinh^{-1} x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arccosh<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\cosh^{-1} x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.99999<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.99999<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arctanh<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sa\">r<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$\\tanh^{-1} x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$f(x)$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u526f\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_minor_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e3b\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'lightgray'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">which<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'both'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8\u306f dashed \u306b\u3002k \u306f black<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9771 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-15.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u9670\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5-ax.contour()\">\u9670\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5 <code>ax.contour()<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c$x^2 + y^2 = 1$ \u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002$y$ \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u89e3\u3044\u3066\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5f62\u306b\u3057\u305f\u308a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306b\u3057\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u9670\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u307e\u307e\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$z \\equiv x^2 + y^2$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c$z = 1$ \u306e\u7b49\u9ad8\u7dda\u3092\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[21]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">meshgrid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xrange<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">yrange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">z<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># z = 1 \u306e\u7b49\u9ad8\u7dda\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">contour<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9772 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-16.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u7e26\u6a2a\u6bd4-ax.set_aspect()\uff0c\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a-figsize\">\u7e26\u6a2a\u6bd4 <code>ax.set_aspect()<\/code>\uff0c\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a <code>figsize<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u7e26\u6a2a\u306e\u6bd4\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u5186\u3089\u3057\u304f\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba <code>figsize<\/code> \u3082\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[22]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044\r\n# \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u7e26\u6a2a\u3092\u540c\u3058\u9577\u3055\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">fig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">xrange<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">yrange<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">meshgrid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xrange<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">yrange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">z<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># z = 1 \u306e\u7b49\u9ad8\u7dda\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">cs<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">contour<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">z<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># z = 1 \u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">clabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">cs<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u6a2a\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u6bd4\u3092\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u3057\u3066\u5186\u3089\u3057\u304f\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$y$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_title<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x^2 + y^2 = 1$ \u306e\u7b49\u9ad8\u7dda'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2 xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax \u3092\u4e00\u6319\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]);<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e3b\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'lightgray'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">which<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'both'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9773 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-17.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5-ax.plot()\">\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5 <code>ax.plot()<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u534a\u5f84 $1$ \u306e\u5186\u306e\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306f $x^2 +y^2 = 1$ \u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5186\u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$ x=\\cos t, \\quad y=\\sin t \\quad (0 \\leq t \\leq 2\\pi) $$<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[23]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044\r\n# \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u7e26\u6a2a\u3092\u540c\u3058\u9577\u3055\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">fig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$x^2 + y^2 = 1$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u6a2a\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u6bd4\u3092\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u3057\u3066\u5186\u3089\u3057\u304f\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$x$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'$y$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2 xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax \u3092\u4e00\u6319\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]);<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6a2a\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">xaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u8ef8\u4e3b\u76ee\u76db<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">yaxis<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_major_locator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">MultipleLocator<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u4e3b\u30fb\u526f\u76ee\u76db\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u3058\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u304f\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'lightgray'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">which<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'both'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9774 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-18.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u70b9\u30fb\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\">\u70b9\u30fb\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5-ax.plot()\">\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5 <code>ax.plot()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u914d\u5217 <code>Xp<\/code> \u306b \u5ea7\u6a19\u306e\u5024\uff0c\u914d\u5217 <code>Yp<\/code> \u306b \u5ea7\u6a19\u306e\u5024\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066\uff0c6\u500b\u306e\u70b9\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3099\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[24]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Yp<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Yp<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9775 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-19.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\uff08\u7dda\u3067\u3064\u306a\u304c\u306a\u3044\uff09-ax.scatter()\">\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\uff08\u7dda\u3067\u3064\u306a\u304c\u306a\u3044\uff09 <code>ax.scatter()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u5404\u70b9\u3092\u7dda\u3067\u3064\u306a\u304c\u305a\u306b\u8d64\u8272\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3002<code>c = 'red'<\/code> \u3067\u70b9\u306e\u8272\u3092\u8d64\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[25]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Yp<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Yp<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'red'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9776 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-20.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"ax.plot()-\u3067\u3082\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\"><code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u3067\u3082\u6563\u5e03\u56f3<\/h5>\n<p>\u70b9\u7a2e\uff08<code>'ro'<\/code> \u3067\u8d64\u3044\u4e38\uff09\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c<code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u3067\u3082\u7dda\u3067\u3064\u306a\u304c\u306a\u3044\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[26]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Yp<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Xp<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Yp<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'ro'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9777 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-21.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\">\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8<\/h4>\n<p>\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3057\u3099\u3081\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3066\u3099\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb <code>mydata2.txt<\/code> \u304c\uff08\u3053\u306e\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8\u30d6\u30c3\u30af\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3068\u540c\u3058\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c0\u306b\uff09\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u6388\u696d\u3067\u306f\u4e8b\u524d\u306b <code>mydata2.txt<\/code> \u3082\u540c\u3058\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c0\u306b\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[27]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"o\">!<\/span> cat mydata2.txt\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_subarea output_stream output_stdout output_text\">\n<pre>0  0\r\n1  1\r\n2  4\r\n3  9\r\n4 16\r\n5 25<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"np.loadtxt()-\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\"><code>np.loadtxt()<\/code> \u3067\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f<\/h5>\n<p>\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30fb\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u306b\u306f\uff0cNumPy \u306e <code>savetxt()<\/code> \u3084 <code>loadtxt()<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[28]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb mydata2.txt \u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\uff0cdata \u306b\u4ee3\u5165<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">data<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">loadtxt<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'mydata2.txt'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n<span class=\"nb\">print<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">data<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_subarea output_stream output_stdout output_text\">\n<pre>[[ 0.  0.]\r\n [ 1.  1.]\r\n [ 2.  4.]\r\n [ 3.  9.]\r\n [ 4. 16.]\r\n [ 5. 25.]]\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3060 <code>data<\/code> \u306e1\u5217\u76ee <code>data[:,0]<\/code> \u3092 $x$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u306b\uff0c2\u5217\u76ee <code>data[:,1]<\/code> \u3092 $y$ \u5ea7\u6a19\u306b\u3057\u3066\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[29]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">data<\/span><span class=\"p\">[:,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">data<\/span><span class=\"p\">[:,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'mydata2.txt \u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9778 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-22.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f-ax.quiver()\">\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f <code>ax.quiver()<\/code><\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u70b9\u3092\u59cb\u70b9\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u6210\u5206\u304c $v_x = 0.5, v_y = 1$ \u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[30]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u6a2a\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u6bd4\u3092\u7b49\u3057\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2 xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax \u3092\u4e00\u6c17\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u59cb\u70b9\u306e x \u5ea7\u6a19<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">X<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u59cb\u70b9\u306e y \u5ea7\u6a19<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e x \u6210\u5206<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Vx<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e y \u6210\u5206<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Vy<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">quiver<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">X<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vx<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vy<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"blue\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"c1\"># \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e3\u70b9\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u81ea\u52d5\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"n\">angles<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'xy'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">scale_units<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'xy'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">scale<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9779 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-23.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u4f8b\u3002\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9069\u5b9c\u7121\u6b21\u5143\u5316\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e $(x(t), y(t))$ \u3068\u901f\u5ea6 $(v_x(t), v_y(t))$ \u306f<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nx &amp;=&amp; t \\\\<br \/>\ny &amp;=&amp; t &#8211; \\frac{1}{4} t^2 \\\\<br \/>\nv_x &amp;=&amp; 1 \\\\<br \/>\nv_y &amp;=&amp; 1 &#8211; \\frac{1}{2} t<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u66f8\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[31]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">X<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">t<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.25<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> \r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># Vx = 1 \u3060\u3051\u3060\u3068\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Vx<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Vy<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[32]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u7e26\u6a2a\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u6bd4\u3092\u7b49\u3057\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u8868\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2 xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax \u3092\u4e00\u6c17\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">5.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">quiver<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">X<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vx<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vy<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"blue\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"c1\"># \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e3\u70b9\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u81ea\u52d5\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"n\">angles<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'xy'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">scale_units<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'xy'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">scale<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9780 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-24.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\">\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"\u8907\u6570\u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\">\u8907\u6570\u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a<\/h4>\n<p>\u967d\u95a2\u6570 $y = x^2 &#8211; 1$ \u3068 $y = 4 x &#8211; 5$ \u306e 2 \u3064\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$x$ \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u3066\u3099\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[33]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$x^2 - 1$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$4 x - 5$'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylim<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9781 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-25.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\">\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a<\/h4>\n<p>\u524d\u7bc0\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb <code>mydata2.txt<\/code> \u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda $y = x^2$ \u306e 2 \u3064\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"\u63cf\u304f\u9806\u756a\u3092\u6307\u5b9a-'zorder'\">\u63cf\u304f\u9806\u756a\u3092\u6307\u5b9a <code>'zorder'<\/code><\/h5>\n<p>\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u969b\uff0c\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3 <code>zorder<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u308b\u9806\u756a\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<code>zorder = 0<\/code> \u3060\u3068\u6700\u521d\uff08\u3064\u307e\u308a\u6700\u80cc\u9762\uff09\u306b\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[34]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">data<\/span><span class=\"p\">[:,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">data<\/span><span class=\"p\">[:,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'blue'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'red'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">zorder<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9782 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-26.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\">\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u524d\u63b2\u306e\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nx &amp;=&amp; t \\\\<br \/>\ny &amp;=&amp; t &#8211; \\frac{1}{4} t^2 \\\\<br \/>\n\\therefore\\ \\ y &amp;=&amp; x &#8211; \\frac{1}{4} x^2<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\uff0c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u967d\u95a2\u6570 $\\displaystyle y = f(x)$<\/li>\n<li>\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a $x = x(t), \\ y = y(t) = $<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf<\/li>\n<li>\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u8868\u793a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[35]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u5c11\u3057\u4e0a\u306b\u305a\u3089\u3057\u3066<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.25<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u967d\u95a2\u6570'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3082\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u540c\u3058\u66f8\u304d\u65b9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">t<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">y<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">t<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.25<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">t<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">zorder<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">X<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'g'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">quiver<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">X<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Y<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vx<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Vy<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"blue\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u901f\u5ea6\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"c1\"># \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e3\u70b9\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u81ea\u52d5\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"n\">angles<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'xy'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">scale_units<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'xy'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">scale<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9783 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-27.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\">\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5<\/h3>\n<p>\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a $r = r(\\phi)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nr &amp;=&amp; r(\\phi) \\\\<br \/>\nx(\\phi) &amp;=&amp; r(\\phi) \\cos\\phi \\\\<br \/>\ny(\\phi) &amp;=&amp; r(\\phi) \\sin\\phi<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u539f\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5\">\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u539f\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186\u306e\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30d5<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u592a\u967d\u304b\u3089\u306e\u4e07\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u904b\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u60d1\u661f\u306f\uff0c\u592a\u967d\uff08\u4e8c\u4f53\u554f\u984c\u3066\u3099\u306f\u8cea\u91cf\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u3092\u7126\u70b9\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u904b\u52d5\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u7126\u70b9\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3092\u539f\u70b9\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u9577\u534a\u5f84 $a$\uff0c\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387 $e$ \u306e\u6955\u5186\u306e\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306f\uff0c\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19 $r$\uff0c$\\varphi$ \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3099\u3066\u3099\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$ r= \\frac{a (1\u2212e^2)}{ 1 + e\\cos\\varphi}$$<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\">\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053<\/h4>\n<p>\u3055\u3066\uff0c\u3055\u3066\uff0c\u304b\u3064\u3066\u306f\u7b2c9\u60d1\u661f\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u3067\u306f\u6e96\u60d1\u661f\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u3082\u6955\u5186\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\uff0c\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u8868\u793a\u306e\u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f0f\u3092\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[36]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># elliptical\uff08\u6955\u5186\uff09\u306e e \u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066...<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">re<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">re<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">re<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u9577\u534a\u5f84 $\ud835\udc4e_P=39.445 \\mbox{au}$\uff0c\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387 $\ud835\udc52_P=0.250$<br \/>\n\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F\">\u51a5\u738b\u661f &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[37]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">aP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">39.445<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">eP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.250<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">phi<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'g'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u51a5\u738b\u661f'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9784 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-28.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u3068\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5185\u5074\u3092\u307e\u308f\u308b\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u63cf\u3044\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u9577\u534a\u5f84\u306f $a_N=30.181 \\mbox{au}$\uff0c\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387\u306f $e_N=0.0097$ \u3068\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u306e\u3067\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b $e_N=0$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F\">\u6d77\u738b\u661f &#8211; Wikipedia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b9f\u969b\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u5929\u4f53\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u306f\u540c\u3058\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u307f\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff0c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[38]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u51a5\u738b\u661f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">aP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">39.445<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">eP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.250<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">phi<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'g'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u51a5\u738b\u661f'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6d77\u738b\u661f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">aN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">30.181<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">eN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'b'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6d77\u738b\u661f'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u592a\u967d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'r'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u592a\u967d'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8\u306f dashed \u306b\u3002k \u306f black<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9785 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-29.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u5404\u7a2e\u56f3\u5f62\u306e\u8868\u793a\u3068\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\">\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u5404\u7a2e\u56f3\u5f62\u306e\u8868\u793a\u3068\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057<\/h3>\n<p><code>matplotlib.patches<\/code> \u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b import \u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[39]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"kn\">from<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">matplotlib.patches<\/span> <span class=\"kn\">import<\/span> <span class=\"o\">*<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u6b63\u591a\u89d2\u5f62-RegularPolygon()\">\u6b63\u591a\u89d2\u5f62 <code>RegularPolygon()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p><code>(x0, y0)<\/code> \u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u300c\u534a\u5f84\u300d<code>R<\/code> \u306e\u6b63 <code>N<\/code> \u89d2\u5f62<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">RegularPolygon<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"n\">x0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">N<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">radius<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">R<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"\u9802\u70b9\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u591a\u89d2\u5f62-Polygon()\">\u9802\u70b9\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u591a\u89d2\u5f62 <code>Polygon()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p><code>(x1, y1), (x2, y2), ...<\/code> \u3092\u9802\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u591a\u89d2\u5f62<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Polygon<\/span><span class=\"p\">([(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y1<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y2<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"o\">...<\/span> <span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306f <code>fill = False<\/code><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[40]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6b638\u89d2\u5f62<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">regPoly<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">RegularPolygon<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">8<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">radius<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n                         <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6b638\u89d2\u5f62'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">regPoly<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u9802\u70b9\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u3092\u6307\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ps<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">poly<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Polygon<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u9802\u70b9\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u3092\u6307\u5b9a'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fill<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"kc\">False<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n               <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'tab:orange'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">poly<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5404\u9802\u70b9<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">str<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">str<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">]))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">str<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">]))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">][<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">str<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">ps<\/span><span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">]))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9786 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-30.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u9577\u65b9\u5f62-Rectangle()\">\u9577\u65b9\u5f62 <code>Rectangle()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u70b9 <code>(x0, y0)<\/code> \u3092\u5de6\u4e0b\u306e\u9802\u70b9\u5ea7\u6a19\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u5e45\uff08\u5e95\u8fba\uff09<code>width<\/code>\uff0c\u9ad8\u3055 <code>height<\/code> \u306e\u9577\u65b9\u5f62\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"n\">x0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">width<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">height<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[41]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5e95\u8fba 2, \u9ad8\u3055 3 \u306e\u9577\u65b9\u5f62<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u9577\u65b9\u5f62'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># 1\u8fba\u306e\u9577\u3055 4 \u306e\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u63cf\u304f\u3088\u3046\u306b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">zorder<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n              <span class=\"n\">fill<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"kc\">False<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">edgecolor<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'red'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9787 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-31.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u6955\u5186-Ellipse()\">\u6955\u5186 <code>Ellipse()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u70b9 <code>(x0, y0)<\/code> \u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u5e45 <code>width<\/code>\uff0c\u9ad8\u3055 <code>height<\/code> \u306e\u6955\u5186\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ellipse<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"n\">x0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">width<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">height<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u9577\u534a\u5f84\uff08\u6a2a\u534a\u5f84\uff09<code>a<\/code>\uff0c\u5358\u534a\u5f84\uff08\u7e26\u534a\u5f84\uff09<code>b<\/code> \u306e\u6955\u5186\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ellipse<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"n\">x0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3055\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f <code>fill = False<\/code> \u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[42]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u305f\u6955\u5186<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">b<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">e1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ellipse<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n             <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$a = <\/span><span class=\"si\">%d<\/span><span class=\"s1\">, b = <\/span><span class=\"si\">%d<\/span><span class=\"s1\">$'<\/span> <span class=\"o\">%<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">e1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3055\u306a\u3044\u6955\u5186<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">e<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.8<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">b<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sqrt<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">e2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ellipse<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fill<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"kc\">False<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n             <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'tab:orange'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n             <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'$a = <\/span><span class=\"si\">%d<\/span><span class=\"s1\">, e = <\/span><span class=\"si\">%.1f<\/span><span class=\"s1\">$'<\/span><span class=\"o\">%<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">e2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">4.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">5.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">2.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9788 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-32.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u5186-Circle()\">\u5186 <code>Circle()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u70b9 <code>(x0, y0)<\/code> \u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u534a\u5f84 <code>r<\/code> \u306e\u5186\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Circle<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"n\">x0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h5 id=\"\u67a0\u7dda\u8272-'edgecolor'-\u3068\u80cc\u666f\u8272-'facecolor'\">\u67a0\u7dda\u8272 <code>'edgecolor'<\/code> \u3068\u80cc\u666f\u8272 <code>'facecolor'<\/code><\/h5>\n<p><code>Circle()<\/code> \u306b\u9650\u3089\u305a\uff0c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u56f3\u5f62\u306e\u67a0\u7dda\u306e\u8272\u3092 <code>edgecolor (ec)<\/code> \u3067\uff0c\u5857\u308a\u6f70\u3057\uff08\u80cc\u666f\uff09\u306e\u8272\u3092 <code>facecolor (fc)<\/code> \u3067\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u72ec\u7acb\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[43]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Circle<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n           <span class=\"n\">ec<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'black'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n           <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'yellow'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">3.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">2.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">2.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9789 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-33.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u5f27-Arc()\uff0c\u6247\u5f62-Wedge()\">\u5f27 <code>Arc()<\/code>\uff0c\u6247\u5f62 <code>Wedge()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u70b9 <code>(x0, y0)<\/code> \u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u5e45 <code>width<\/code>\uff0c\u9ad8\u3055 <code>height<\/code> \u306e\u6955\u5186\u306e\u958b\u59cb\u89d2\u5ea6 <code>t1<\/code> \u5ea6\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u7d42\u4e86\u89d2\u5ea6 <code>t2<\/code> \u5ea6\u307e\u3067\u306e\u5f27\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u306b\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">width<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">height<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"n\">t1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"n\">t2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u9577\u534a\u5f84 <code>a<\/code>\uff0c\u5358\u534a\u5f84 <code>b<\/code> \u306e\u6955\u5186\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff0c<code>width = 2*a<\/code>\uff0c<code>height = 2*b<\/code> \u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3089<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"n\">t1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"n\">t2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h5 id=\"\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5185\u306b\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8-ax.text()\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5185\u306b\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8 <code>ax.text()<\/code><\/h5>\n<p>\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5185\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19 <code>x = x1<\/code>, <code>y = y1<\/code> \u3042\u305f\u308a\u306b\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8 <code>'mytext'<\/code> \u3092\u8868\u793a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u306b\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">text<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">y1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'mytext'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[44]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f27<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">b<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">width<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">height<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">width<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">height<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">180<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">270<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'tab:blue'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6955\u5186\u306e\u4e00\u90e8'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f27\u306e\u6b8b\u308a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">width<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">height<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">90<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">180<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'tab:orange'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6955\u5186\u306e\u6b8b\u308a'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6247\u5f62<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Wedge<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">30<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">60<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n          <span class=\"n\">ec<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'black'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n          <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'yellow'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6247\u5f62'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u76f4\u7dda<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5186\u5f27\u3067\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">30<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'blue'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">text<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.8<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'30\u00b0'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'blue'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5186\u5f27\u3067\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">3.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">60<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'red'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">text<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.7<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'60\u00b0'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'red'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5186\u5f27\u3067\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.7<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.7<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">30<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">60<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">p2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Arc<\/span><span class=\"p\">((<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.8<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.8<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">30<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">theta2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">60<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">add_patch<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">p2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">text<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.35<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'30\u00b0'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9790 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-34.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u9818\u57df\u306e\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\">\u9818\u57df\u306e\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"2\u672c\u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059-ax.fill_between()\">2\u672c\u306e\u967d\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059 <code>ax.fill_between()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>$x$ \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2 <code>xrange<\/code> \u3067 $y = f(x)$ \u3068 $y = g(x)$ \u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u306b\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">fill_between<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xrange<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xrange<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">g<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xrange<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>$0.5 \\leq x \\leq 2$ \u3067 $y = f(x)$ \u3068 $x$ \u8ef8\uff08$y = 0$\uff09\u306b\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u4f8b\u3002$x$ \u8ef8 $y$ \u8ef8\u3092\u8868\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306e\u30b0\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u7dda\u304c\u5c11\u3057\u76ee\u969c\u308a\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7d30\u3081\u306e\u7070\u8272\u70b9\u7dda\u306b\u3057\u3066\u76ee\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[45]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.6<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.4<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[46]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">x2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># y = f(x) \u3068 y = 0 \u306e\u9593\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">fill_between<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x2<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"yellow\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">2.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9791 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-35.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u56f3\u5f62\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059-ax.fill()\">\u56f3\u5f62\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059 <code>ax.fill()<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u56f3\u5f62\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u56f3\u5f62\u3092\uff08\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u66f2\u7dda\u3067\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u56f3\u5f62\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\uff09\u591a\u6570\u306e\u9802\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b\u591a\u89d2\u5f62\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u6955\u5186\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3002\u6955\u5186\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3092\u539f\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30c7\u30ab\u30eb\u30c8\u5ea7\u6a19 $X, Y$ \u3067\u306f\uff0c\u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f0f\u306f<\/p>\n<p>$$\\frac{X^2}{a^2} + \\frac{Y^2}{b^2} = 1$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nX(\\theta) &amp;=&amp; a \\cos\\theta \\\\<br \/>\nY(\\theta) &amp;=&amp; b \\sin\\theta<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>$\\theta_1 = 10^{\\circ}$ \u304b\u3089 $\\theta_2 = 60^{\\circ}$ \u307e\u3067\u306e\u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f27\u3068\uff0c\u539f\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u76f4\u7dda\u3067\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u9818\u57df\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u306f\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u306e\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0c\u59cb\u70b9\u3068\u7d42\u70b9\u3092\u540c\u4e00\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u9589\u66f2\u7dda\u3067\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u56f3\u5f62\uff08\u306e\u5916\u67a0\uff09\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[47]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># \u5f15\u6570\u306e\u89d2\u5ea6\u306f\u5ea6\u3067<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">Xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">radians<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">Ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">radians<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[48]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">th1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">th2<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">60<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">b<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[49]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f27\u3068\u539f\u70b9\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u7dda\u3067\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u56f3\u5f62<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># theta \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">trange<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">th2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6700\u521d\u3068\u6700\u5f8c\u306b 0 \u3092\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Xlist<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">trange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tolist<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Ylist<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">trange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tolist<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Xlist<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ylist<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'black'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9792 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-36.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u56f3\u5f62\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u306b\u306f\uff0c<code>ax.plot()<\/code> \u3092 <code>ax.fill()<\/code> \u306b\u5909\u3048\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[50]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f27\u3068\u539f\u70b9\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u7dda\u3067\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u56f3\u5f62<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># theta \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">trange<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">th1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">th2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6700\u521d\u3068\u6700\u5f8c\u306b 0 \u3092\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Xlist<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">trange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tolist<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Ylist<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">trange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tolist<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5185\u90e8\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">fill<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Xlist<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Ylist<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"n\">ec<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'black'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">fc<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'yellow'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axis<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9793 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-37.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u25cb\u7df4\u7fd2\uff1a\u30c9\u30c3\u30c6\u30f3\u30e1\u30a4\u30ab\u30a4\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057\">\u25cb\u7df4\u7fd2\uff1a\u30c9\u30c3\u30c6\u30f3\u30e1\u30a4\u30ab\u30a4\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3057<\/h4>\n<p>\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u3068\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u307f\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u8ecc\u9053\u304c\u4ea4\u5dee\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\uff0c\u3042\u308b\u671f\u9593\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u307b\u3046\u304c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3088\u308a\u592a\u967d\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6307\u793a\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u305b\u3088\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"1.-\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u304c\u4ea4\u5dee\u3059\u308b\u70b9\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\">1. \u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u304c\u4ea4\u5dee\u3059\u308b\u70b9\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b<\/h5>\n<p>\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u306f\u534a\u5f84 $a_N$ \u306e\u5186\u8ecc\u9053\u3068\u3057\uff0c\u5b9f\u969b\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u5929\u4f53\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u306f\u540c\u3058\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u306a\u3044\u304c\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u307f\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff0c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u63cf\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$r(a, e, \\phi) = \\frac{a (1-e^2)}{1 + e \\cos\\phi}$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u3057\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>$$ r(a_P, e_P, \\phi) = a_N$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u306a\u308b $\\phi$ \u306e\u5024 $\\phi_{\\rm eq}$ (<code>phieq<\/code>) \u3092\u6570\u5024\u7684\u306b\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002SymPy \u306b\u3088\u308b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u6570\u5024\u89e3\u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\uff0c\u3059\u3067\u306b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/python-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/sympy-%e3%81%a7%e5%be%ae%e5%88%86%e7%a9%8d%e5%88%86%e3%83%bb%e6%96%b9%e7%a8%8b%e5%bc%8f%e3%81%ae%e8%a7%a3\/#i-15\">\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u6570\u5024\u89e3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\uff0cMaplotlib \u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b NumPy \u3068 SymPy \u3092\u6df7\u5728\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3044\uff08\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u4e21\u65b9\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b9\u91dd\u3067\uff0c\u5f8c\u3067\u5225\u9014\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b SciPy \u306e <code>root_scalar()<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u6570\u5024\u89e3\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u53c2\u7167\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/python-%e3%81%a7%e6%95%b0%e5%80%a4%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90\/python-%e3%81%ae-scipy-%e3%81%a7%e6%95%b0%e5%80%a4%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90\/#SciPy-3\">SciPy \u306b\u3088\u308b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u6570\u5024\u89e3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$$f(x) \\equiv r(a_P, e_P, x) &#8211; a_N = 0$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u306a\u308b $x$ \u306e\u5024 <code>phieq<\/code> \u3092 <code>root_scalar()<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u6570\u5024\u7684\u306b\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[51]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"kn\">from<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">scipy.optimize<\/span> <span class=\"kn\">import<\/span> <span class=\"n\">root_scalar<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u5ff5\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u3059\u3067\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6\u30b3\u30d4\u30da<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u51a5\u738b\u661f Pluto \u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u9577\u534a\u5f84\uff0c\u96e2\u5fc3\u7387<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">aP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">39.445<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">eP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.250<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6d77\u738b\u661f Neptune \u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u534a\u5f84<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">aN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">30.181<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">eN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># root_scalar \u306b\u6e21\u3059\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5f15\u6570\u306f x \u6c7a\u3081\u6253\u3061<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span> <span class=\"n\">aN<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># 0 &lt; x &lt; \u03c0\/2 \u306e\u9593\u3067 f(x) = 0 \u306e\u6570\u5024\u89e3\u3092\u63a2\u3059<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">answer<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">root_scalar<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">bracket<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">phi_eq<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">answer<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">root<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">phi_eq<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[51]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>0.4485997043415241<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[52]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># \u3082\u3046\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u89e3\u306f...<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">root_scalar<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">bracket<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">root<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[52]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>-0.4485997043415241<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u8ecc\u9053\u306e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u304b\u3089\uff0c$- \\phi_{\\rm eq} &lt; \\phi &lt; + \\phi_{\\rm eq}$ \u306e\u9593\u306f\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u307b\u3046\u304c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3088\u308a\u592a\u967d\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"2.-\u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f\">2. \u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3068\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u8ecc\u9053\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u63cf\u304f<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[53]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># \u5ff5\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u3059\u3067\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6\u30b3\u30d4\u30da<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># elliptical\uff08\u6955\u5186\uff09\u306e e \u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066...<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">re<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">**<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">re<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">re<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">e<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[54]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">figsize<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">6.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">])<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u51a5\u738b\u661f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">aP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">39.445<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">eP<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.250<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">phi<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">200<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'g'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u51a5\u738b\u661f'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6d77\u738b\u661f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">aN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">30.181<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">eN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eN<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'b'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6d77\u738b\u661f'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u592a\u967d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">([<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">],<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'r'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u592a\u967d'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x\u8ef8 y\u8ef8\u306f dashed \u306b\u3002k \u306f black<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axhline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">axvline<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'k'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ls<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'--'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">lw<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_aspect<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'equal'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9794 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-38.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"3.-\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u6247\u5f62\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\">3. \u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u6247\u5f62\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/h5>\n<p>\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\uff0c\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u306e\u307b\u3046\u304c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3088\u308a\u592a\u967d\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u671f\u9593\u306e\u6247\u5f62\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\uff0c\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u9818\u57df\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[55]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># \u6955\u5186\u306e\u5f27\u3068\u539f\u70b9\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u7dda\u3067\u56f2\u307e\u308c\u305f\u56f3\u5f62<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># phi \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">phirange<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"n\">phi_eq<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi_eq<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u6700\u521d\u3068\u6700\u5f8c\u306b 0 \u3092\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Xlist<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">xe<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phirange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tolist<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">Ylist<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ye<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">aP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">eP<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phirange<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">tolist<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"mi\">0<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"4.-\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u304c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3088\u308a\u592a\u967d\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u671f\u9593\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\">4. \u51a5\u738b\u661f\u304c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3088\u308a\u592a\u967d\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u671f\u9593\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b<\/h5>\n<p>$$t_1 = T_N \\times \\frac{\\phi_{\\rm eq}}{\\pi}$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6642\u9593 $t_1$ \u306e\u9593\u3060\u3051\uff0c\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u304c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3088\u308a\u592a\u967d\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066 $t_1$ (<code>t1<\/code>) \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"c1\"># \u6d77\u738b\u661f\u306e\u516c\u8ee2\u5468\u671f\u306f\u4f55\u5e74\uff1f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">TN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"o\">...<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># round() \u3067\u6570\u5024\u3092\u4e38\u3081\u308b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">t1<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">round<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">TN<\/span> <span class=\"o\">*<\/span> <span class=\"n\">phi_eq<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u8868\u793a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u6e96\u5099<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">mytext<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s2\">\"\u3053\u306e\u671f\u9593\u306f\"<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"nb\">str<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">t1<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">+<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"\u5e74\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e x=10, y=0.5 \u304b\u3089\u306f\u3058\u307e\u308b\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u66f8\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">text<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">0.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">mytext<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>ax.set_title('\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u304c\u6d77\u738b\u661f\u3088\u308a\u3082\u592a\u967d\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u671f\u9593\u306f??\u5e74')<\/code><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[\u00a0]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h5 id=\"5.-\u6247\u5f62\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\">5. \u6247\u5f62\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059<\/h5>\n<p>\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3059\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u591a\u89d2\u5f62\u3060\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u2026<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e-loc-=-'upper-left'\">\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e <code>loc = 'upper left'<\/code><\/h5>\n<p>\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u8868\u793a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u5de6\u4e0a\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\uff0c<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">loc<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'upper left'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[56]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u5b8c\u6210\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\">\u5b8c\u6210\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8<\/h4>\n<p>\u3060\u3044\u305f\u3044\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9795 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/KANSEI.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"KANSEI.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100%\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h3 id=\"\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u30ab\u30fc\u30d6\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\">\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u30ab\u30fc\u30d6\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u5f18\u524d\u5e02\u306e\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u914d\u5217 <code>HiroT<\/code> \u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.data.jma.go.jp\/obd\/stats\/etrn\/view\/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=31&amp;block_no=0166&amp;year=&amp;month=&amp;day=&amp;view=\">\u5f18\u524d\u3000\u5e73\u5e74\u5024\uff08\u5e74\u30fb\u6708\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5024\uff09\u3000\u4e3b\u306a\u8981\u7d20<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[57]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\">Month<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"n\">i<\/span> <span class=\"k\">for<\/span> <span class=\"n\">i<\/span> <span class=\"ow\">in<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">range<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span><span class=\"mi\">13<\/span><span class=\"p\">)]<\/span> <span class=\"c1\"># 12 \u307e\u3067\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306f 13 \u3068\u66f8\u304f<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">HiroT<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"p\">[<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mf\">1.0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">2.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">8.6<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">14.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">18.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\r\n         <span class=\"mf\">22.3<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">23.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">19.4<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mf\">12.9<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">6.5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>  <span class=\"mf\">0.8<\/span><span class=\"p\">]<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[58]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Month<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">HiroT<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9796 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-39-0.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u307f\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u57fa\u672c\u306f 12\u30f6\u6708\u5468\u671f\u306e\u6b63\u5f26\u95a2\u6570\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4f59\u5f26\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u307f\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002$a, b, c$ \u304c\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e57\u6cd5\u3067\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$$f(x, a, b, c) = a + b \\sin\\left(\\frac{2\\pi x}{12}\\right)<br \/>\n+ c \\cos\\left(\\frac{2\\pi x}{12}\\right)$$<\/p>\n<p><code>scipy.optimize.curve_fit()<\/code> \u3067\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e57\u6cd5\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p><code>help(curve_fit)<\/code> \u304b\u3089\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u5f15\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>curve_fit(f, xdata, ydata, ...)     \r\nUse non-linear least squares to fit a function, f, to data.    \r\nReturns\r\n-------\r\npopt : array\r\n    Optimal values for the parameters\r\npcov : 2-D array\r\n    The estimated covariance of popt.<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[59]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[60]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"kn\">from<\/span> <span class=\"nn\">scipy.optimize<\/span> <span class=\"kn\">import<\/span> <span class=\"n\">curve_fit<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">popt<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">pcov<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">curve_fit<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">Month<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">HiroT<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">popt<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[60]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>array([10.53333333, -8.34025528, -9.16106713])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e57\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c42\u3081\u305f $a, b, c$ \u306e\u5024\u3092\u3082\u3063\u305f $f(x, a, b, c)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[61]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"n\"><span class=\"c1\"># ax \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\nfig<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ax<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">plt<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">subplots<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">scatter<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">Month<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">HiroT<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">x<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">linspace<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">12<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">popt<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">plot<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">f<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">c<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"n\">label<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"\u95a2\u6570\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> \r\n        <span class=\"n\">color<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'tab:orange'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># x \u8ef8\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xticks<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">13<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_xlabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"\u6708\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"c1\"># y \u8ef8\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_yticks<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">arange<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"o\">-<\/span><span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">26<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">5<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_ylabel<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s2\">\"\u00b0C\"<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">set_title<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"s1\">'\u5f18\u524d\u5e02\u306e\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29'<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">grid<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"n\">ax<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">legend<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"output_svg output_subarea \">\n<p><!--?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?--><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9797 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/matax-39.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<h4 id=\"\u25cb\u7df4\u7fd2\uff1a\u30ab\u30fc\u30d6\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\">\u25cb\u7df4\u7fd2\uff1a\u30ab\u30fc\u30d6\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f18\u524d\u5e02\u306e\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\u3055\u305b\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u3092\uff08\u5468\u671f12\u30f6\u6708\u306e\u5468\u671f\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u30d5\u30fc\u30ea\u30a8\u7d1a\u6570\u306b\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u8981\u9818\u3067\uff09\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a <code>g(x)<\/code> \u306b\u3057\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e57\u6cd5\u3067\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3002<br \/>\n\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\ng(x) = A_0 &amp;+&amp; a_1 \\cos \\frac{2\\pi x}{12} + a_2 \\cos \\frac{4\\pi x}{12} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;+&amp; b_1 \\sin \\frac{2\\pi x}{12} + b_2 \\sin \\frac{4\\pi x}{12}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/li>\n<li>\u6708\u5225\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c6\u3099\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c8\u66f2\u7dda $f(x)$ \u304a\u3088\u3073 $g(x)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u63cf\u3051\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6708\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3002\uff08$g(x)$ \u306e\u5b9a\u6570\u90e8\u5206 $A_0$ \u304c\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3002\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[62]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"k\">def<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">g<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">A0<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a2<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b1<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b2<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"k\">return<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">A0<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a1<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> \r\n               <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">a2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">cos<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n               <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b1<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n               <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"n\">b2<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">sin<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">np<\/span><span class=\"o\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">pi<\/span><span class=\"o\">*<\/span><span class=\"n\">x<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[\u00a0]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre> \r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[\u00a0]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre> \r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[\u00a0]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre> \r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u306a\u304a\uff0c3. \u306e\u5225\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u7dcf\u548c <code>sum()<\/code> \u3068\u8981\u7d20\u6570 <code>len()<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/%e3%81%af%e3%81%97%e3%82%99%e3%82%81%e3%81%a6%e3%81%ae-python-%e3%83%95%e3%82%9a%e3%83%ad%e3%82%af%e3%82%99%e3%83%a9%e3%83%9f%e3%83%b3%e3%82%af%e3%82%99\/#_sum_len_max_min\">\u306f\u3057\u3099\u3081\u3066\u306e Python \u30d5\u309a\u30ed\u30af\u3099\u30e9\u30df\u30f3\u30af\u3099<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[63]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre><span class=\"nb\">sum<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">HiroT<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span><span class=\"o\">\/<\/span><span class=\"nb\">len<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">HiroT<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_wrapper\">\n<div class=\"output\">\n<div class=\"output_area\">\n<div class=\"prompt output_prompt\">Out[63]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"output_text output_subarea output_execute_result\">\n<pre>10.533333333333333<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing text_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"text_cell_render border-box-sizing rendered_html\">\n<p>\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u6708\u5e73\u5e74\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5024\u3084\u6700\u5c0f\u5024\u3082\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[\u00a0]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre> \r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell border-box-sizing code_cell rendered\">\n<div class=\"input\">\n<div class=\"prompt input_prompt\">In\u00a0[\u00a0]:<\/div>\n<div class=\"inner_cell\">\n<div class=\"input_area\">\n<div class=\" highlight hl-ipython3\">\n<pre> \r\n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Python \u306e Matplotlib \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\u306b\u306f\uff0cplt.*** \u3068\u3044\u3046\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f plt (pyplot) \u6d41\uff08pyplot \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3082\uff09\u3068\uff0cax.*** \u3068\u3044\u3046\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f ax \u6d41\uff08\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u6307\u5411\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3082\uff09\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\uff0cax \u6d41\u3067 ax.*** \u306e\u307f\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>plt (pyplot) \u6d41\u3067 plt.*** \u306e\u307f\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/python-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b0%e3%83%a9%e3%83%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%88%90\/matplotlib-%e3%81%a7%e3%82%b0%e3%83%a9%e3%83%95%e4%bd%9c%e6%88%90%ef%bc%9aax-%e7%b7%a8\/\">\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Matplotlib \u3067\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4f5c\u6210\uff1aplt \u7de8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"parent":9699,"menu_order":20,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9756","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9756"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10055,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9756\/revisions\/10055"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}