{"id":5052,"date":"2023-01-18T11:01:50","date_gmt":"2023-01-18T02:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/?page_id=5052"},"modified":"2025-02-05T09:57:45","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T00:57:45","slug":"%e9%ab%98%e3%81%95-h-%e3%81%8b%e3%82%89%e3%81%ae%e6%96%9c%e6%96%b9%e6%8a%95%e5%b0%84%e3%81%ae%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%a7%e5%88%b0%e9%81%94%e8%b7%9d%e9%9b%a2%e3%82%92%e6%b1%82%e3%82%81%e3%82%8b%e6%ba%96","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/%e9%ab%98%e3%81%95-h-%e3%81%8b%e3%82%89%e3%81%ae%e6%96%9c%e6%96%b9%e6%8a%95%e5%b0%84%e3%81%ae%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%a7%e5%88%b0%e9%81%94%e8%b7%9d%e9%9b%a2%e3%82%92%e6%b1%82%e3%82%81%e3%82%8b%e6%ba%96\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9ad8\u3055 h \u304b\u3089\u306e\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u6e96\u5099"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5730\u9762\u304b\u3089\u9ad8\u3055 $h$ \u306e\u5730\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u7a7a\u6c17\u62b5\u6297\u306a\u3057\u306e\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3068\uff0c\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c\u6700\u5927\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u6253\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u89d2\u5ea6\uff08\u4ef0\u89d2\uff09\u304c\u4f55\u5ea6\u306e\u3068\u304d\u304b\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h3>\u554f\u984c\uff083\u629e\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u306f\u4e88\u60f3\u3092\u305f\u3066\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5730\u9762\u304b\u3089\u9ad8\u3055 $h$ \u306e\u5730\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u7a7a\u6c17\u62b5\u6297\u306a\u3057\u306e\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3002\u521d\u901f\u5ea6\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u304c\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u304b\u3089\u9ad8\u3055 $h$ \u306e\u5730\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u6295\u5c04\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7269\u4f53\u306e\u6c34\u5e73\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c\u6700\u5927\u3068\u306a\u308b\u6295\u5c04\u89d2 $\\theta$ \u306f&#8230;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>45\u00b0 \u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u3084\u3063\u3071\u308a 45\u00b0 \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>45\u00b0 \u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u904b\u52d5\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u3092 \\(x\\)\uff0c\u925b\u76f4\u4e0a\u5411\u304d\u3092 \\(y\\) \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u904b\u52d5\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306f\u91cd\u529b\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092 \\(g\\) \u3068\u3057\u3066<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\n\\frac{d^2 x}{dt^2} &amp;=&amp; 0 \\\\<br \/>\n\\frac{d^2 y}{dt^2} &amp;=&amp; -g<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<h3>\u521d\u671f\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u89e3<\/h3>\n<p>\u521d\u671f\u6761\u4ef6\u3092 \\(t = 0\\) \u3067<\/p>\n<p>$$x(0) = 0, \\quad y(0) = h, \\quad v_x(0)\u00a0 = v_0 \\cos\\theta, \\quad v_y(0) = v_0 \\sin \\theta$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306e\u89e3\u306f<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nx(t) &amp;=&amp; v_0 \\cos\\theta\\cdot t \\\\<br \/>\ny(t) &amp;=&amp; h + v_0 \\sin\\theta\\cdot t -\\frac{1}{2} g t^2 \\\\<br \/>\nv_x(t) &amp;=&amp; v_0 \\cos\\theta \\\\<br \/>\nv_y(t) &amp;=&amp; v_0 \\sin\\theta -g t<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<h4>$h=0$ \u306e\u5834\u5408<\/h4>\n<p>$h=0$ \u306e\u3068\u304d\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f $\\theta = 45^{\\circ}$ \u306e\u3068\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5730\u9762 $y=0$ \u304b\u3089\u6253\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u518d\u3073\u5730\u9762 $y = 0$ \u306b\u843d\u3061\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6ede\u7a7a\u6642\u9593 $t_1\\ (&gt;0)$ \u306f<\/p>\n<p>$$y(t_1) = v_0 \\sin\\theta\\cdot t_1 -\\frac{1}{2} g t_1^2\u00a0 =0$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3088\u308a<\/p>\n<p>$$t_1 = \\frac{2 v_0}{g} \\sin\\theta$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3067\u306e\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f<\/p>\n<p>$$x(t_1) = v_0 \\cos\\theta \\,t_1 = \\frac{2 v_0^2}{g} \\sin\\theta\\,\\cos\\theta = \\frac{v_0^2}{g} \\sin 2\\theta$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3067\uff0c$x(t_1)$ \u304c\u6700\u5927\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f $\\sin 2\\theta = 1$ \u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061 $\\theta = 45^{\\circ}$ \u306e\u3068\u304d\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f<\/p>\n<p>$$x_{\\rm max} = \\frac{v_0^2}{g} $$<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u7121\u6b21\u5143\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u7cfb\u306b\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593 \\(\\displaystyle \\tau \\equiv \\frac{v_0}{g}\\) \u304a\u3088\u3073\u9577\u3055 \\(\\displaystyle \\ell \\equiv v_0 \\tau = \\frac{v_0^2}{g}\\) \u3067\u89e3\u3092\u7121\u6b21\u5143\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nT &amp;\\equiv&amp; \\frac{t}{\\tau} \\\\<br \/>\nH &amp;\\equiv&amp; \\frac{h}{\\ell} \\\\<br \/>\nX(T, \\theta) &amp;\\equiv&amp; \\frac{x}{\\ell} = T \\,\\cos\\theta \\tag{1}\\\\<br \/>\nY(T, \\theta)&amp;\\equiv&amp; \\frac{y}{\\ell} = H+ T\\,\\sin\\theta -\\frac{1}{2} T^2\u00a0 \\tag{2}\\\\<br \/>\nV_x &amp;\\equiv&amp; \\frac{dX}{dT} = \\cos\\theta \\\\<br \/>\nV_y &amp;\\equiv&amp; \\frac{dY}{dT} = \\sin\\theta -T<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<h3>\u6ede\u7a7a\u6642\u9593\u3068\u6c34\u5e73\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u306e $H &gt; 0$ \u306e\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3055 \\(H\\) \u306e\u5834\u6240\u304b\u3089\u6295\u5c04\u3057\u3066\u5730\u9762 \\(Y=0\\) \u306b\u843d\u3061\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6ede\u7a7a\u6642\u9593 \\(T_1 \\ (&gt;0)\\) \u306f \\((2)\\) \u5f0f\u304b\u3089<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nY(T_1, \\theta) &amp;=&amp; H + \\sin\\theta\\cdot T_1 -\\frac{1}{2} T_1^2 = 0<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>\u3088\u308a\uff082\u6b21\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u89e3\u306e\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u6b63\u306e\u89e3\u306e\u307f\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u305b\u3070\u3088\u3044\u306e\u3067\uff09<\/p>\n<p>$$ T_1 = \\sin\\theta + \\sqrt{\\sin^2\\theta + 2 H}$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3067\u306e\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2 \\(L\\) \u306f \\((1)\\) \u5f0f\u304b\u3089<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nL &amp;=&amp; T_1 \\cos\\theta \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\sin\\theta \\cos\\theta + \\sqrt{\\sin^2\\theta \\cos^2\\theta + 2 H \\cos^2\\theta}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3067\u3082\u3088\u3044\u304c\uff0c$t \\equiv \\tan\\theta$\u00a0 \u3068\u3057\u3066 $L$\u00a0 \u3092 $t$ \u3067\u66f8\u304d\u76f4\u3059\u3068\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\n\\cos^2\\theta &amp;=&amp; \\frac{1}{1 + t^2} \\\\<br \/>\n\\sin\\theta \\cos\\theta &amp;=&amp; \\tan\\theta \\cos^2\\theta = \\frac{t}{1+t^2} \\\\<br \/>\n\\therefore\\ \\ L_t(t) &amp;=&amp; \\frac{t}{1+t^2} + \\sqrt{\\left(\\frac{t}{1+t^2} \\right)^2 + \\frac{2 H}{1+t^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{1}{1+t^2} \\left\\{t + \\sqrt{(1+2H) \\,t^2 + 2H} \\right\\}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<h3>\u6700\u5927\u6c34\u5e73\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c34\u5e73\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c\u6700\u5927\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f $\\displaystyle \\frac{d L_t(t)}{dt} = 0$ \u3068\u306a\u308b $t=t_{\\rm max}$ \u306e\u3068\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u89e3\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>$$t_{\\rm max} = \\tan \\theta_{\\rm max} = \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{1 + 2H}}$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306e\u6700\u5927\u6c34\u5e73\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f<\/p>\n<p>$$L_{\\rm max} \\equiv L_t(t_{\\rm max} ) = \\sqrt{1 + 2H}$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\uff08\u624b\u8a08\u7b97\u306e\u307f\u3067\u3084\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3057\u3093\u3069\u3044\u306e\u3067 SymPy \u6d3b\u7528\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/7414\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u9ad8\u3055 h \u304b\u3089\u306e\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u306e\u6700\u5927\u6c34\u5e73\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u306b\u6c42\u3081\u308b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E6%BC%94%E7%BF%92\/%E9%AB%98%E3%81%95-h-%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E6%96%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%8A%95%E5%B0%84%E3%81%AE%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%B0%E9%81%94%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2%E3%82%92%E6%B1%82%E3%82%81%E3%82%8B%E6%BA%96\/sympy-%E3%81%A7%E9%AB%98%E3%81%95-h-%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E6%96%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%8A%95%E5%B0%84%E3%81%AE%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%B0%E9%81%94%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2%E3%82%92%E6%B1%82%E3%82%81%E3%82%8B\/#i-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6700\u5927\u6c34\u5e73\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u306a\u308b\u89d2\u5ea6\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u306b\u6c42\u3081\u308b<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5730\u9762\u304b\u3089\u9ad8\u3055 $h$ \u306e\u5730\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u7a7a\u6c17\u62b5\u6297\u306a\u3057\u306e\u659c\u65b9\u6295\u5c04\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3068\uff0c\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5230\u9054\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c\u6700\u5927\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u6253\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u89d2\u5ea6\uff08\u4ef0\u89d2\uff09\u304c\u4f55\u5ea6\u306e\u3068\u304d\u304b\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6e96\u5099\u3002<\/p><p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e3%82%b3%e3%83%b3%e3%83%94%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf%e6%bc%94%e7%bf%92\/%e9%ab%98%e3%81%95-h-%e3%81%8b%e3%82%89%e3%81%ae%e6%96%9c%e6%96%b9%e6%8a%95%e5%b0%84%e3%81%ae%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%a7%e5%88%b0%e9%81%94%e8%b7%9d%e9%9b%a2%e3%82%92%e6%b1%82%e3%82%81%e3%82%8b%e6%ba%96\/\">\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"parent":2826,"menu_order":50,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5052","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5052","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5052"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5052\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10191,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5052\/revisions\/10191"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2826"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}