{"id":3062,"date":"2022-06-23T12:49:21","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T03:49:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/?page_id=3062"},"modified":"2024-10-08T14:47:27","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T05:47:27","slug":"%e5%85%89%e3%81%ae%e3%83%89%e3%83%83%e3%83%97%e3%83%a9%e3%83%bc%e5%8a%b9%e6%9e%9c%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8a%e3%81%95%e3%82%89%e3%81%84","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e8%b5%a4%e6%96%b9%e5%81%8f%e7%a7%bb%e3%81%ae%e7%b5%b1%e4%b8%80%e7%9a%84%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3\/%e5%85%89%e3%81%ae%e3%83%89%e3%83%83%e3%83%97%e3%83%a9%e3%83%bc%e5%8a%b9%e6%9e%9c%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8a%e3%81%95%e3%82%89%e3%81%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5149\u306e\u30c9\u30c3\u30d7\u30e9\u30fc\u52b9\u679c\u30fb\u5149\u884c\u5dee\u306e\u304a\u3055\u3089\u3044"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e16\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3067\u306f\u5149\u306e\u30c9\u30c3\u30d7\u30e9\u30fc\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff0c<a id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1372\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iwanami.co.jp\/book\/b330628.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u300c\u76f8\u5bfe\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\uff08<span id=\"selectionBoundary_1654133628293_3826052851090709\"><\/span><span id=\"selectionBoundary_1654133628293_03526672854791135\"><\/span>\u4e2d\u91ce\u8463\u592b\u8457\uff0c\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97\uff09<\/a>\u306e p. 87 \u3042\u305f\u308a\u7b49\u3092\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u306b\u3082\u3068\u3065\u3044\u305f\u5149\u306e\u30c9\u30c3\u30d7\u30e9\u30fc\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u304a\u3055\u3089\u3044\u3059\u308b\u3002<!--more-->\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b \\(c=1\\) \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1583\" dir=\"ltr\">\u5149\u306e\u4f1d\u64ad\u3092\u3042\u3089\u308f\u30594\u5143\u6ce2\u6570\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb<\/h3>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1584\" dir=\"ltr\">\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005 \\(A\\) \u306e\u9759\u6b62\u6163\u6027\u7cfb\u3067\u3042\u308b \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u5149\u306e4\u5143\u6ce2\u6570\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u6210\u5206\u306f<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1585\" dir=\"ltr\">$$k^{\\mu} = (k^0, k^1, k^2, k^3) = (\\omega, k_x, k_y, k_z)$$<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1586\" dir=\"ltr\">\\(A\\) \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u901f\u3055 \\(V\\) \u3067 \\(x\\) \u65b9\u5411\u306b\u904b\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005 \\(B\\) \u306e\u9759\u6b62\u6163\u6027\u7cfb\u3067\u3042\u308b \\(S&#8217;\\) \u7cfb\u3067\u306f<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1587\" dir=\"ltr\">$$k^{\\mu&#8217;} = (k^{0^{\\prime}}, k^{1^{\\prime}}, k^{2^{\\prime}}, k^{3^{\\prime}}) = (\\omega&#8217;, k&#8217;_x, k&#8217;_y, k&#8217;_z)$$<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1588\" dir=\"ltr\">\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u5ff5\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u304a\u304f\u304c\uff0c<span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\"><strong>\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u306f\uff0c<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u91cd\u529b\u304c\u306a\u3044\u7279\u6b8a\u76f8\u5bfe\u8ad6\u7684\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u306e\u307f\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span>\u91cd\u529b\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff0c\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u304c\u4f7f\u3048\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u5225\u9014\u7406\u5c48\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1589\" dir=\"ltr\">\\(S\\) \u7cfb\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19 \\(x^{\\mu}\\) \u3068 \\(S&#8217;\\) \u7cfb\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19 \\(x^{\\mu&#8217;}\\) \u306e\u9593\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u5909\u63db\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1590\" dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1591\" \/>t&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\frac{t -V x}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1592\" \/>x&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\frac{x -V t}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1593\" \/>y&#8217; &amp;=&amp; y \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1594\" \/>z&#8217; &amp;=&amp; z<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1595\" \/>\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1596\" dir=\"ltr\">\u3053\u306e\u9006\u5909\u63db\uff08\\(S\\) \u7cfb\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19 \\(x^{\\mu}\\) \u3092 \\(S&#8217;\\) \u7cfb\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19 \\(x^{\\mu&#8217;}\\) \u3067\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\uff09\u306f<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1597\" dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1598\" \/>t &amp;=&amp; \\frac{t&#8217; + V x&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1599\" \/>x &amp;=&amp; \\frac{x&#8217; + V t&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} <br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1600\" \/>\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1601\" dir=\"ltr\">\u5149\u306e\u4f4d\u76f8\u306f\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u306b\u3088\u3089\u306a\u3044\u4e0d\u5909\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\n\\omega t -\\boldsymbol{k}\\cdot\\boldsymbol{r} &amp;=&amp; \\omega t -k_x x -k_y y -k_z z \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\omega&#8217; t&#8217;-k_x&#8217; x&#8217; -k_y&#8217; y&#8217; -k_z&#8217; z&#8217;<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c4\u5143\u6ce2\u6570\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u6210\u5206\u3082\uff0c\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u3067\u5909\u63db\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\uff0c<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1602\" dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1603\" \/>\\omega&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega -V k_x}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\tag{1}\\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1604\" \/>k_x&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k_x -V \\omega}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\tag{2}\\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1605\" \/>k_y&#8217; &amp;=&amp; k_y \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1606\" \/>k_z&#8217; &amp;=&amp; k_z<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1607\" \/>\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1608\" dir=\"ltr\">\u9006\u5909\u63db\u306f<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1609\" dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1610\" \/>\\omega &amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega&#8217; + V k_x&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\tag{3}\\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1611\" \/>k_x &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k_x&#8217; + V \\omega&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\tag{4}\\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1612\" \/>\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\">4\u6b21\u5143\u6dfb\u5b57\u8868\u8a18\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b\uff0c\u5ea7\u6a19\u3092 $x^{\\mu} = \\left(x^0, x^1, x^2, x3\\right)$ \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b4\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u6dfb\u5b57\u3067\u8868\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u306f \\(c = 1\\) \u3068\u3057\u3066<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nx^{0^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; \\frac{x^0 -V x^1}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1592\" \/>x^{1^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; \\frac{x^1 -V x^0}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\nx^{2^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; x^{2} \\\\<br \/>\nx^{3^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; x^{3}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u5149\u306e4\u5143\u6ce2\u6570\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u6210\u5206\u3082\u540c\u69d8\u306b\uff0c\u6210\u5206\u3092 $k^{\\mu} = \\left(k^0, k^1, k^2, k^3\\right)$ \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b4\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u6dfb\u5b57\u3067\u8868\u3057\u3066<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nk^{0^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k^0 -V k^1}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1592\" \/>k^{1^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k^1 -V k^0}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\nk^{2^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; k^{2} \\\\<br \/>\nk^{3^{\\prime}} &amp;=&amp; k^{3}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u9006\u5909\u63db\u306f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nk^{0} &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k^{0^{\\prime}} +V k^{1^{\\prime}}}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1592\" \/>k^{1} &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k^{1^{\\prime}} +V k^{0^{\\prime}}}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1613\" dir=\"ltr\">\u5149\u306e\u30cc\u30eb\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1614\">\u7c21\u5358\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff0c\u5149\u306f \\(xy\\) \u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u3092\u4f1d\u64ad\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\uff0c\\(k_z = k_z&#8217; = 0\\) \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1615\">\u30cc\u30eb\u6761\u4ef6 \\(\\displaystyle \\eta_{\\mu\\nu} k^{\\mu} k^{\\nu} = \\eta_{\\mu\\nu} k^{\\mu&#8217;} k^{\\nu&#8217;} = 0\\) \u3088\u308a<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1616\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1617\" \/>-\\omega^2 + k_x^2 + k_y^2 &amp;=&amp; 0 \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1618\" \/>-\\left(\\omega&#8217; \\right)^2 + \\left(k_x&#8217; \\right)^2 +\\left(k_y&#8217; \\right)^2 &amp;=&amp;0<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1619\" \/>\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1621\" dir=\"ltr\">\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u5149\u306e4\u5143\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u6210\u5206\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u66f8\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1622\" dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1623\" \/>k_x = \\omega \\cos\\theta, &amp;\\quad&amp; k_y = \\omega \\sin \\theta\\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1624\" \/>k_x&#8217; = \\omega&#8217; \\cos\\theta&#8217;, &amp;\\quad&amp; k_y&#8217; = \\omega&#8217; \\sin \\theta&#8217;<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1625\" \/>\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1626\" dir=\"ltr\">\u3053\u3053\u3067 \\(\\theta\\) \u306f\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005 \\(A\\) \u304c\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u5149\u306e\u9032\u884c\u65b9\u5411\u3068 \\(x\\) \u65b9\u5411\u3068\u306e\u306a\u3059\u89d2\uff0c\\(\\theta&#8217;\\) \u306f\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005 \\(B\\) \u304c\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u5149\u306e\u9032\u884c\u65b9\u5411\u3068 \\(x&#8217;\\) \u65b9\u5411\u3068\u306e\u306a\u3059\u89d2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1627\" dir=\"ltr\">\\(A\\) \u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u9759\u6b62\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5149\u6e90\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5149\u3092\u904b\u52d5\u3059\u308b \\(B\\) \u304c\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408<\/h3>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1628\" dir=\"ltr\">\\((3)\\) \u5f0f\u304b\u3089<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1630\" dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1631\" \/>\\omega &amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega&#8217; + V k_x&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1632\" \/>&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega&#8217; + V \\omega&#8217; \\cos\\theta&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1633\" \/>&amp;=&amp; \\omega&#8217; \\frac{1 + V \\cos \\theta&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1634\" \/>\\therefore\\ \\ \\omega&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\omega\\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 + V \\cos \\theta&#8217;} \\tag{5}<br id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1635\" \/>\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1636\" dir=\"ltr\">\u5149\u6e90\u9759\u6b62\u7cfb\u3067\u306e\u632f\u52d5\u6570 \\(\\omega\\) \u3092\u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066 \\(\\omega_0\\) \uff0c\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005 \\(B\\) \u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u632f\u52d5\u6570 \\(\\omega&#8217;\\) \u3092\u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066 \\(\\omega_{\\rm obs}\\) \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1637\" dir=\"ltr\">$$\\omega_{\\rm obs}= \\omega_0\\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 + V \\cos \\theta&#8217;} $$<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1638\" dir=\"ltr\">\u7279\u306b\uff0c\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u304c\u5149\u6e90\u304b\u3089\u9060\u3056\u304b\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f \\(\\theta&#8217; = 0\\) \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068<\/p>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1655955367707_1639\" dir=\"ltr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3063\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop1-640x171.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop1-640x171.png 640w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop1-300x80.png 300w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop1-1536x410.png 1536w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop1-2048x546.png 2048w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop1-750x200.png 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">$$\\omega_{\\rm obs}= \\omega_0\\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 + V} = \\omega_0 \\sqrt{\\frac{1-V}{1+V} } &lt; \\omega_0$$<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u3068\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u632f\u52d5\u6570\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\uff0c\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u6ce2\u9577\u304c\u4f38\u3073\u3066\u89b3\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u307e\u305f\uff0c\\((4)\\) \u5f0f\u304b\u3089\uff08\\((5)\\) \u5f0f\u3082\u4f7f\u3063\u3066&#8230; \uff09<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nk_x = \\omega \\cos\\theta &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k&#8217;_x + V \\omega&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega&#8217; \\cos\\theta&#8217; + V \\omega&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\omega&#8217; \\frac{\\cos\\theta&#8217; + V}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n\\therefore\\ \\ \\cos\\theta &amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega&#8217;}{\\omega} \\frac{\\cos\\theta&#8217; + V}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 + V \\cos \\theta&#8217;}\\frac{\\cos\\theta&#8217; + V}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\cos\\theta&#8217; + V}{1 + V \\cos \\theta&#8217;} \\tag{6}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">\\(B\\) \u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u904b\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5149\u6e90\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5149\u3092\u9759\u6b62\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b \\(A\\) \u304c\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\\((1)\\) \u5f0f\u304b\u3089<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\n\\omega&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega -V k_x}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega -V \\omega \\cos\\theta}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\omega \\frac{1 -V \\cos \\theta}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n\\therefore\\ \\ \\omega &amp;=&amp; \\omega&#8217;\\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 -V \\cos \\theta} \\tag{7}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u5149\u6e90\u9759\u6b62\u7cfb\u3067\u306e\u632f\u52d5\u6570 \\(\\omega&#8217;\\) \u3092\u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066 \\(\\omega_0\\) \uff0c\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005 \\(A\\) \u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u632f\u52d5\u6570 \\(\\omega\\) \u3092\u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066 \\(\\omega_{\\rm obs}\\) \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">$$\\omega_{\\rm obs}= \\omega_0\\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 -V \\cos \\theta} $$<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u7279\u306b\uff0c\u5149\u6e90\u304c\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u304b\u3089\u9060\u3056\u304b\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f \\(\\theta = \\pi\\) \u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3064\" src=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop3-640x168.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop3-640x168.png 640w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop3-300x79.png 300w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop3-1536x403.png 1536w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop3-2048x537.png 2048w, https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/76\/dop3-750x197.png 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">$$\\omega_{\\rm obs}= \\omega_0\\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 + V} = \\omega_0 \\sqrt{\\frac{1-V}{1+V} } &lt; \\omega_0$$<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u3068\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u632f\u52d5\u6570\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\uff0c\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u6ce2\u9577\u304c\u4f38\u3073\u3066\u89b3\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u5149\u6e90\u304c\u52d5\u304f\u304b\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u304c\u52d5\u304f\u304b\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\uff0c\u4e92\u3044\u306e\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u5bfe\u901f\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5149\u306e\u30c9\u30c3\u30d7\u30e9\u30fc\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\uff0c\\((2)\\) \u5f0f\u304b\u3089\uff08\\((7)\\) \u5f0f\u3082\u4f7f\u3063\u3066&#8230; \uff09<\/p>\n<p>\\begin{eqnarray}<br \/>\nk&#8217;_x = \\omega&#8217; \\cos\\theta&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\frac{k_x -V \\omega}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega \\cos\\theta -V \\omega&#8217;}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\omega \\frac{\\cos\\theta -V}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n\\therefore\\ \\ \\cos\\theta&#8217; &amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\omega}{\\omega&#8217;} \\frac{\\cos\\theta -V}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\sqrt{1-V^2}}{1 -V \\cos \\theta}\\frac{\\cos\\theta -V}{\\sqrt{1-V^2}} \\\\<br \/>\n&amp;=&amp; \\frac{\\cos\\theta -V}{1 -V \\cos \\theta} \\tag{8}<br \/>\n\\end{eqnarray}<\/p>\n<p>\\((6)\\) \u5f0f\u304a\u3088\u3073 \\((8)\\) \u5f0f\u304c\uff0c\u9759\u6b62\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u5149\u306e\u5165\u5c04\u89d2 $\\theta$ \u3068\u904b\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u5149\u306e\u5165\u5c04\u89d2 $\\theta&#8217;$ \u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 $\\theta&#8217; \\neq \\theta$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u304c<span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\"><strong>\u5149\u884c\u5dee<\/strong><\/span>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e16\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3067\u306f\u5149\u306e\u30c9\u30c3\u30d7\u30e9\u30fc\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u300c\u76f8\u5bfe\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\uff08\u4e2d\u91ce\u8463\u592b\u8457\uff0c\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97\uff09\u306e p. 87 \u3042\u305f\u308a\u7b49\u3092\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u306b\u3082\u3068\u3065\u3044\u305f\u5149\u306e\u30c9\u30c3\u30d7\u30e9\u30fc\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0c\u304a\u3055\u3089\u3044\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/%e8%b5%a4%e6%96%b9%e5%81%8f%e7%a7%bb%e3%81%ae%e7%b5%b1%e4%b8%80%e7%9a%84%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3\/%e5%85%89%e3%81%ae%e3%83%89%e3%83%83%e3%83%97%e3%83%a9%e3%83%bc%e5%8a%b9%e6%9e%9c%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8a%e3%81%95%e3%82%89%e3%81%84\/\">\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"parent":3059,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3062","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate","item-wrap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3062"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3062\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9476,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3062\/revisions\/9476"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3059"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/home.hirosaki-u.ac.jp\/relativity\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}